Dear Readers,
General Knowledge is important for most competitive exams, namely the UPSC Civil Services Examination, SSC CGL, Bank PO & PSU entrance tests, etc. Therefore, an understanding of the concepts/terms that are significant in our daily lives is critical for aspirants. To make your preparation easier and to help you score better, we at PaGaLGuY bring you brief articles on trending phenomena and concepts.
In the previous article, we discussed the basics of cancer. This article will explain different types of cancers and its examples.
Types of Cancers
Cancer is not a single disease but a complex of many diseases. More than 200 distinct types of cancers have been recognised. These can be grouped into four major categories:
1. Carcinoma: It is the type of cancer that develops from epithelial cells (outermost skin cells) or the outer lining of organs. Malignant in nature, carcinomas affect breast, lung, prostate and colon and are most common in adults. About 85% of cancers in humans are carcinomas.
2. Leukaemia: Commonly known as blood cancer, this type involves abnormally high production of neoplastic leucocytes/ white blood cells (WBCs). It affects the bone marrow and spreads to other parts like spleen, liver, brain and spinal cord. Most common form of childhood cancers, it accounts for only 3 – 4% of cancers in humans.
3. Sarcoma: A rare type of cancer, sarcoma develops in the connective tissue cells (cells that connect or support other tissues in the body). They are solid tumors growing from bones, cartilage, tendons, nerves and muscles. Relatively rare in humans, it accounts for only 1 – 2% of cancers in humans.
4. Lymphoma: It is a cancer of the lymph system causing abnormal production of lymphocytes (cells of the immune system). It affects the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus and other parts of the body. Hodgkin’s disease is a type of lymphoma. Most commonly found in young people, lymphomas constitute about 5% of human cancers.
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