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General Knowledge is an important component for most competitive exams, namely the UPSC Civil Services Examination, SSC CGL, Bank PO & PSU entrance tests, etc. Therefore, understanding the concepts/terms that are significant in our daily lives is critical for aspirants. To make your preparation easier and to help you score better, we at PaGaLGuY bring you brief articles on trending phenomena and concepts.
The human body comprises various systems, namely skeletal system, muscular system, cardiovascular system, digestive system, endocrine system, nervous system, respiratory system, reproductive system and immune/ lymphatic systems. Each of the systems have separate functions but coordinate to build a flawlessly functioning human body.
In this series of articles, we will understand the various systems of the human body, their composition, types (if any), key functions and related diseases.
We will start with the circulatory system.
The Circulatory System
- It is also known as cardiovascular system.
- It is comprises the heart, blood and blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries).
- There are two types of circulatory system: open circulatory system and closed circulatory system.
- Open circulatory system is where blood and interstitial fluid (fluid found between cells in the body) mix, thereby filling the cavities in the body. Examples of organisms with open circulatory system are insects, crustaceans (e.g. crabs and lobsters) and molluscs (e.g. snail and oyster)
- Closed circulatory system is where blood circulation occurs between closed vessels of different sizes and thickness. Here, the blood cannot directly enter the body cavity. Examples of organisms with closed circulatory system are humans, echinoderms (e.g. star fish, brittle star) and annelids (e.g. earthworms)
- Arteries are blood vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the entire body.
- Veins are blood vessels that carry oxygen-depleted blood from the body to the heart.
- Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body. They are responsible for the exchange of gases, nutrients, water and waste products between blood and the surrounding tissues.
- Heart plays a critical role by supplying blood to the lungs (for oxygenation of blood) and to the body for its required demand of nutrients and oxygen.
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