Ans. (A) avoids the issue by focusing on supporters of the proposal
(A)Introduce information that actually contradicts the conclusion : Nope
(B) Rely on evidence that in principle would be impossible to challenge : Could be but there is a better answer
(C) Make a generalization based on a sample that is likely to be unrepresentative : True
(D) Depend on the ambiguity of the term "ancient" : Nope
(E) Apply present-day standards in an inappropriate way to ancient times : Nope
The ancient Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaten, who had a profound effect during his lifetime on Egyptian art and religion, was well loved and highly respected by his subjects. We know this from the fierce loyalty show to him by his palace guards, as documented in reports written during Akhenatens reign.
A questionable technique used in the argument is to:
(A) Introduce information that actually contradicts the conclusion
(B) Rely on evidence that in principle would be impossible to challenge
(C) Make a generalization based on a sample that is likely to be unrepresentative
(D) Depend on the ambiguity of the term "ancient"
(E) Apply present-day standards in an inappropriate way to ancient times
It should be C.
Guards do qualify as subjects but they are not representative of all the subjects... a King hated by most of the public but having loyal guards cannot qualify as well loved and respected.
Oil analysts predict that if the price of oil falls by half, the consumer's purchase price for gasoline made from this oil will also fall by half.
Which one of the following, if true, would cast the most serious doubt on the prediction made by the oil analysts?
(A) Improved automobile technology and new kinds of fuel for cars have enabled some drivers to use less gasoline.
(B) Gasoline manufacturers will not expand their profit margins.
(C) There are many different gasoline companies that compete with each other to provide the most attractive price to consumers.
(D) Studies in several countries show that the amount of gasoline purchased by consumers initially rises after the price of gasoline has fallen.
(E) Refining costs, distribution costs, and taxes, none of which varies significantly with oil prices, constitute a large portion of the prices of gasoline.
the awnser for the above question is in bold but what ihave marked as awnser is in italics any comments regarding this puys...
IMO answer (D)
Reason
(A) Improved automobile technology and new kinds of fuel for cars have enabled some drivers to use less gasoline.
It says 'Some' not 'many' or 'most' so can't make a generalization out of this statement.
(D) Studies in several countries show that the amount of gasoline purchased by consumers initially rises after the price of gasoline has fallen.
It says several, not some or few but SEVERAL, so this fits better, to counter the argument.
So answer =D.
The ancient Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaten, who had a profound effect during his lifetime on Egyptian art and religion, was well loved and highly respected by his subjects. We know this from the fierce loyalty show to him by his palace guards, as documented in reports written during Akhenatens reign.
A questionable technique used in the argument is to:
(A) Introduce information that actually contradicts the conclusion
(B) Rely on evidence that in principle would be impossible to challenge
(C) Make a generalization based on a sample that is likely to be unrepresentative
(D) Depend on the ambiguity of the term "ancient"
(E) Apply present-day standards in an inappropriate way to ancient times
Palace Guards had fierce loyalty may be because of salary or due to fear of punishment.
So it makes a generalization based on a sample that is likely to be unrepresentative. because number of palace guards would not be even 1% of the total population.
Answer: C
Book Review: When I read a novel set in a city I know well, I must see that the writer knows the city as well as I do if I am to take that writer seriously. If the writer is faking I know immediately and do not trust the writer. When a novelist demonstrates the required knowledge, I trust the story teller, so I trust the tale. This trust increases my enjoyment of a good novel. Peter Lee's second novel is set in San Francisco, in this novel, as in his first, Lee passes my test with flying colours.
Which one of the following can be properly inferred from the passage?
(C) Peter Lee's first novel was set in San Francisco
(E) The book reviewer does not believe that she knows San Francisco better than Peter Lee does
Saar ji i believe the underlined sentence intends to say Peter's second novel which is set in San Francisco passes reviewer's test as did Lee's first.
The following two sentences may help:
Peter Lee's second novel is set in San Francisco, in this novel, as in his first, Lee passes my test with flying colours.
Peter Lee's second novel is set in San Francisco, as his first,in this novel, Lee passes my test with flying colours.
E option is correct as this novel passes reviewer's test. So the writer must know the place atleast as well as the reviewer knows it if not more.
Again thats wht I think I may be wrong.
Approximately 7.6 million women who earn incomes have preschool-age children, and approximately 6.4 million women are the role income earners' for their families. These figures indicate that there are comparatively few income-earning women who have preschool-age children but are not the sole income earners for their families.
A major flaw in the reasoning is that it
(B) overlooks the possibility that there is little or no overlap between the two populations of women cited.
My take:lookround:
Approximately 7.6 million women who earn incomes have preschool-age children, and approximately 6.4 million women are the role income earners' for their families. These figures indicate that there are comparatively few income-earning women who have preschool-age children but are not the sole income earners for their families.
A major flaw in the reasoning is that it
(A) relies in figures that are too imprecise to support the conclusion drawn.
(B) overlooks the possibility that there is little or no overlap between the two populations of women cited.
(C) fails to indicate whether the difference between the two figures cited will tend to remain stable over time.
(D) ignores the possibility, that families with preschool-age children might also have older children.
(E) provides no informati0n on families in which men are the sole income earners.
Hi ,
I also will go by Option B.
Approximately 7.6 million women who earn incomes have preschool-age children, and approximately 6.4 million women are the role income earners' for their families. These figures indicate that there are comparatively few income-earning women who have preschool-age children but are not the sole income earners for their families.
A major flaw in the reasoning is that it
(A) relies in figures that are too imprecise to support the conclusion drawn.
(B) overlooks the possibility that there is little or no overlap between the two populations of women cited.
(C) fails to indicate whether the difference between the two figures cited will tend to remain stable over time.
(D) ignores the possibility, that families with preschool-age children might also have older children.
(E) provides no informati0n on families in which men are the sole income earners.
Option B it is!!
A classic example of overlapping sets!
Lenore: It is naive to think that historical explanations can be objective. In evaluating evidence, historians are always influenced by their national, political, and class loyalties.
Victor: Still, the very fact that cases of biased thinking have been detected and sources of bias identified shows that there are people who can maintain objectivity.
Victor's response does not succeed as a rebuttal of Lenore's argument because his response
(A) displays the same kind of biased thinking as that against which Lenore's argument it directed
(B) does not address the special case of historians who purposely distort evidence in order to promote their own political objectives
(C) fails to provide examples of cases in which biased thinking has been detected and the source of that bias identified
(D) does not consider sources of bias in historical explanation other than those that are due to national, political, and class loyalties
(E) overlooks the possibility that those who detect and identify bias are themselves biased in some way
(C)
High-technology medicine is driving up the nation's health care costs. Recent advances in cataract surgery illustrate why this is occurring. Cataracts are a major cause of blindness, especially in elderly people.
is E the ans ??
Some companies in fields where skilled employees are hard to find make signing an "agreement not to compete" a condition of employment. In such an agreement the employee promises not to go work for a competing firm for a set period after leaving his or her current employer. Courts are increasingly ruling that these agreements are not binding. Yet paradoxically, for people who signed such agreements when working for competing firms, many firms are unwilling to consider hiring them during the period covered by the agreement.
Which one of the following if true, most helps to resolve the paradox?
(A) Many companies will not risk having to become involved in lawsuits, even suits that they expect to have a favourable outcome.
(B) In some industries for example, the broadcast media, companies main source of new employees tends to be people who are already employed by competing firms
(C) Most companies that require their employees to sign agreements not to compete are aware that these documents are not legally binding
(D) Many people who have signed agreements not to compete are unwilling to renege on a promise by going to work for a competing firm
(E) Many companied consider their employees established relationships with clients and other people outside the company to be valuable company assets
Many people who have signed agreements not to compete are unwilling to renege on a promise by going to work for a competing firm
(A) Many companies will not risk having to become involved in lawsuits, even suits that they expect to have a favourable outcome., is it correct?
Many Ann: Our country should above all, be strong. Strength gains the respect of other countries and makes a country admirable.
Inez: There are many examples in history of countries that were strong but used their strength to commit atrocities. We should judge a country by the morality of its actions, not by its strength. If the actions are morally good, the country is admirable.
Which one of the following is a presupposition that underlies Inez' argument?
(A) At least one country is admirable
(B) Countries cannot be both strong and moral
(C) It is possible to assign moral weight to the actions of countries
(D) The citizens of any country does is good
(E) Countries should impose their standards of morality on other countries by whatever means necessary
is b) is the answer
my take :(B) Countries cannot be both strong and moral
Many Ann: Our country should above all, be strong. Strength gains the respect of other countries and makes a country admirable.
Inez: There are many examples in history of countries that were strong but used their strength to commit atrocities. We should judge a country by the morality of its actions, not by its strength. If the actions are morally good, the country is admirable.
Which one of the following is a presupposition that underlies Inez' argument?
(A) At least one country is admirable
(B) Countries cannot be both strong and moral
(C) It is possible to assign moral weight to the actions of countries
(D) The citizens of any country does is good
(E) Countries should impose their standards of morality on other countries by whatever means necessary
Well I think C is the answer.
(C) It is possible to assign moral weight to the actions of countries
Reason:
Inez SaysWe should judge a country by the morality of its actions, not by its strength. If the actions are morally good, the country is admirable.
How can we judge a country by the morality of its action?
it is possible only if it was possible to assign moral weight to the actions of countries .
So Ans (C)
Physiological research has uncovered disturbing evidence linking a number of structural disorder disorders to jogging. Among the ailments seemingly connected with this now-popular sport are spinal disk displacements, stress fractures of the feet and ankles, knee and hip joint deterioration, and tendonitis. Furthermore, these injuries do not occur exclusively among beginning runners-veteran joggers suffer an equal percentage of injuries. What the accumulating data suggest is that the human anatomy is not able to withstand the stresses of jogging.
Which one of the following is an assumption of the argument?
(A) The link between jogging and certain structural disorders appears to be a causal one.
my take in bold
For democracy to survive, it is imperative that the average citizen be able to develop informed opinions about important policy issues. In today's society, this means that citizens must be able to develop informed opinions on many scientific subjects, from ecosystems to defence system. Yet, as scientific knowledge advances, the average citizen is increasingly unable to absorb enough information to develop informed opinions on many important issues.
Of the following, which one follows logically from the passage?
My take
(B) The survival of democracy is threatened by the advance of scientific knowledge.
Physiological research has uncovered disturbing evidence linking a number of structural disorder disorders to jogging. Among the ailments seemingly connected with this now-popular sport are spinal disk displacements, stress fractures of the feet and ankles, knee and hip joint deterioration, and tendonitis. Furthermore, these injuries do not occur exclusively among beginning runners-veteran joggers suffer an equal percentage of injuries. What the accumulating data suggest is that the human anatomy is not able to withstand the stresses of jogging.
Which one of the following is an assumption of the argument?
(A) The link between jogging and certain structural disorders appears to be a causal one.
(B) Jogging causes more serious disorders than other sports.
(C) The jogger's level of experience is a factor determining the likelihood of a jogging injury.
(D) Some sports are safer for the human body than jogging.
(E) The human species is not very durable.
For democracy to survive, it is imperative that the average citizen be able to develop informed opinions about important policy issues. In today's society, this means that citizens must be able to develop informed opinions on many scientific subjects, from ecosystems to defence system. Yet, as scientific knowledge advances, the average citizen is increasingly unable to absorb enough information to develop informed opinions on many important issues.
Of the following, which one follows logically from the passage?
(A) Scientists have a duty to educate the public.
(B) The survival of democracy is threatened by the advance of scientific knowledge.
(C) Every citizen has a duty to and can become scientifically literate.
(D) The most effective democracy is one that is the most scientifically unsophisticated.
(E) Democracy will survive if there are at least some citizens who are capable of developing informed opinions on important scientific issues.
B and B final take.....
Using clean-coal technologies to "repower" existing factories promises ultimately a substantial reduction of polluting emissions, and will affect the full range of pollutants implicated in acid rain. The strategy of using these technologies could cut sulphur dioxide emission by more than 80 percent and nitrogen oxide emissions by more than 50 percent. The mission of smaller quantity of nitrogen pollutants would in turn reduce the formation of noxious ozone in the troposphere.
Which one of the following statements is an inference that can be drawn from the information given in the passage.
(A) Sulphur dioxide emissions are the most dangerous pollutants implicated in acid rain.
(B) Noxious ozone is formed in factories by chemical reactions involving sulphur dioxide.
(C) Twenty percent of the present level of sulphur dioxide emissions in the atmosphere is not considered a harmful level.
(D) A substantial reduction of polluting emissions will be achieved by the careful design of new factories.
(E) The choice of technologies in factories could reduce the formation of noxious ozone in the troposphere.
my take B
Physiological research has uncovered disturbing evidence linking a number of structural disorder disorders to jogging. Among the ailments seemingly connected with this now-popular sport are spinal disk displacements, stress fractures of the feet and ankles, knee and hip joint deterioration, and tendonitis. Furthermore, these injuries do not occur exclusively among beginning runners-veteran joggers suffer an equal percentage of injuries. What the accumulating data suggest is that the human anatomy is not able to withstand the stresses of jogging.
bhai but the sentence highighted does not support option C..:shocked: