GMAT Critical Reasoning Discussions

Aree bhai ab to answer bata do?

guy with guts Says
Aree bhai ab to answer bata do?

i would also go with E

wats the OA ??


I think OA has already come...
Search for the post .. "Even I had marked A . However the OA turned out to be option B. The question is from a Kaplan Mock Test and I have posted the explanation as given in the key."
I had also marked the option E. but whan i think again, i had assumed that cost of travel by airlines would be definitely ore than that of train. but we do not have actual figures on the cost factor. On the contrary we have the actual figures of time estimate which clearly tells that 1 hour would be saved if i travel by train.
Correct option has to be option B


Hi Puys,
i think provides the best option possible because the constraint presented is since the Airline offer is not offered now option E gets ruled out....Option A talks of money but since it puts both the travel at equal level it wont help to strengthen the arguement...
here comes option B in the picture because it talks about time and simple maths can tell with option B dat it saves time....out of all the options available B satisfies time aspect...

What medulla said was interesting...the assumption of airplane tkt more than train was an interesting observation...we all should be wary of making these assumptions....
Two Questions from my side ( courtsey OG which I get wrong 😞 always and still never understand the explanation )
30. The price the government pays for standard weapons purchased from military contractors is determined by a
pricing method called historical costing. Historical costing allows contractors to protect their profits by adding a
percentage increase, based on the current rate of inflation, to the previous years contractual price.
Which of the following statements, if true, is the best basis for a criticism of historical costing as an economically
sound pricing method for military contracts?
A. The government might continue to pay for past inefficient use of funds.
B. The rate of inflation has varied considerably over the past twenty years.
C. The contractual price will be greatly affected by the cost of materials used for the products.
D. Many taxpayers question the amount of money the government spends on military contracts.
E. The pricing method based on historical costing might not encourage the development of innovative
weapons.


48. A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much
lower on tests of mental health than do people with normal or high immune-system activity. The researcher
concluded from this experiment that the immune system protects against mental illness as well as against
physical disease.
The researchers conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions?
A. High immune-system activity protects against mental illness better than normal immune-system activity
does.
B. Mental illness is similar to physical disease in its effects on body systems.
C. People with high immune-system activity cannot develop mental illness.
D. Mental illness does not cause peoples immune-system activity to decrease.
E. Psychological treatment of mental illness is not as effective as is medical treatment.
Two Questions from my side ( courtsey OG which I get wrong 😞 always and still never understand the explanation )
30. The price the government pays for standard weapons purchased from military contractors is determined by a
pricing method called historical costing. Historical costing allows contractors to protect their profits by adding a
percentage increase, based on the current rate of inflation, to the previous years contractual price.
Which of the following statements, if true, is the best basis for a criticism of historical costing as an economically
sound pricing method for military contracts?
A. The government might continue to pay for past inefficient use of funds.
B. The rate of inflation has varied considerably over the past twenty years.
C. The contractual price will be greatly affected by the cost of materials used for the products.
D. Many taxpayers question the amount of money the government spends on military contracts.
E. The pricing method based on historical costing might not encourage the development of innovative
weapons.




My thoughts on 30. military Contracts

A.> i find it offbeat...
B.> the contractors take into account rate of inflation by adding a requisite %age so whether it increases or reduces...the factor will be counted in.
C. Yes thats the answer because it is ultimately the cost of the material & etc...to make standard weapons which should form the basis of contractual price economically....so it should be the answer
D. Out of Scope - no relation of taxpayers with the criticism based on economics
E. Since this method is used only for standard weapons development of innovative weopanry will not be affected
48. A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much
lower on tests of mental health than do people with normal or high immune-system activity. The researcher
concluded from this experiment that the immune system protects against mental illness as well as against
physical disease.
The researchers conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions?
A. High immune-system activity protects against mental illness better than normal immune-system activity
does.
B. Mental illness is similar to physical disease in its effects on body systems.
C. People with high immune-system activity cannot develop mental illness.
D. Mental illness does not cause peoples immune-system activity to decrease.
E. Psychological treatment of mental illness is not as effective as is medical treatment.


My take on 48.Immunity system - Answer in Bold.

A. Wrong comparison...we need to compare High or normal immune system activity with low immune system activity
B. No talks about Effects of mental or physical illness on the body.
C. Yes dats the answer - the researcher assumed that if people have high or normal immune activity sytem they cannot be affected by mental illness...but there can be other ways by which people even with high or normal immune activity can get mental illness.
D. not related...
E. not related....

Q30: I would have marked option E. This is pretty straight forward I guess.

Q48: I would have marked option D. Just flip the passage and see that the asnwer is pretty evident from the options available.

Wat are the OAs..??..

Two Questions from my side ( courtsey OG which I get wrong 😞 always and still never understand the explanation )
30. The price the government pays for standard weapons purchased from military contractors is determined by a
pricing method called historical costing. Historical costing allows contractors to protect their profits by adding a
percentage increase, based on the current rate of inflation, to the previous years contractual price.
Which of the following statements, if true, is the best basis for a criticism of historical costing as an economically
sound pricing method for military contracts?
A. The government might continue to pay for past inefficient use of funds.
B. The rate of inflation has varied considerably over the past twenty years.
C. The contractual price will be greatly affected by the cost of materials used for the products.
D. Many taxpayers question the amount of money the government spends on military contracts.
E. The pricing method based on historical costing might not encourage the development of innovative
weapons.


48. A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much
lower on tests of mental health than do people with normal or high immune-system activity. The researcher
concluded from this experiment that the immune system protects against mental illness as well as against
physical disease.
The researchers conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions?
A. High immune-system activity protects against mental illness better than normal immune-system activity
does.
B. Mental illness is similar to physical disease in its effects on body systems.
C. People with high immune-system activity cannot develop mental illness.
D. Mental illness does not cause peoples immune-system activity to decrease.
E. Psychological treatment of mental illness is not as effective as is medical treatment.
Two Questions from my side ( courtsey OG which I get wrong 😞 always and still never understand the explanation )
30. The price the government pays for standard weapons purchased from military contractors is determined by a
pricing method called historical costing. Historical costing allows contractors to protect their profits by adding a
percentage increase, based on the current rate of inflation, to the previous years contractual price.
Which of the following statements, if true, is the best basis for a criticism of historical costing as an economically
sound pricing method for military contracts?
A. The government might continue to pay for past inefficient use of funds.
B. The rate of inflation has varied considerably over the past twenty years.
C. The contractual price will be greatly affected by the cost of materials used for the products.
D. Many taxpayers question the amount of money the government spends on military contracts.
E. The pricing method based on historical costing might not encourage the development of innovative
weapons.


48. A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much
lower on tests of mental health than do people with normal or high immune-system activity. The researcher
concluded from this experiment that the immune system protects against mental illness as well as against
physical disease.
The researchers conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions?
A. High immune-system activity protects against mental illness better than normal immune-system activity
does.
B. Mental illness is similar to physical disease in its effects on body systems.
C. People with high immune-system activity cannot develop mental illness.
D. Mental illness does not cause peoples immune-system activity to decrease.
E. Psychological treatment of mental illness is not as effective as is medical treatment.


lets take the first question-
inflation adding means that the new price will be determined basis the rate of inflation i:e the % will be added or reduced.the method will be undermined if we show that initial budget is say 100 and inflation is 10%, so new price will be 110.But wait what if from the initial 100 only 90 has been used to produce the desired output for which 100 has been charged, but the government will still be paying 110 as their method.

A wins.

lets take second-
D is definately the answer.No argument can be made aganist the choice.
The entire conclusion is based on-
A leads to B
the arguments fall apart if we show-
B leads to A

yeah.. could be A also..

lets take the first question-
inflation adding means that the new price will be determined basis the rate of inflation i:e the % will be added or reduced.the method will be undermined if we show that initial budget is say 100 and inflation is 10%, so new price will be 110.But wait what if from the initial 100 only 90 has been used to produce the desired output for which 100 has been charged, but the government will still be paying 110 as their method.

A wins.

lets take second-
D is definately the answer.No argument can be made aganist the choice.
The entire conclusion is based on-
A leads to B
the arguments fall apart if we show-
B leads to A
padfoot Says
30.The price the government pays for standard weapons 48.A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much
My explanation:30. We are looking out here for criticism. Main factor in calculation of historical costing. is inflation. So select an option which criticises usage of inflation in the cost calculation.Options A,D and E clearly go out. Out of C and B. Variation of inflation over the past twenty years will not have much effect as compared to variation in the cost of material. So the answer should be C.Option C48: Here we are looking out for assumption. Assumption is always somethong which is missing in the given para. Nothing has been said about the physical disease. So the assumption should be about the physical disease.Option B
padfoot Says
30.The price the government pays for standard weapons 48.A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much
My explanation:
30. We are looking out here for criticism. Main factor in calculation of historical costing. is inflation. So select an option which criticises usage of inflation in the cost calculation.Options A,D and E clearly go out. Out of C and B. Variation of inflation over the past twenty years will not have much effect as compared to variation in the cost of material. So the answer should be C.
Option C
48: Here we are looking out for assumption. Assumption is always somethong which is missing in the given para. Nothing has been said about the physical disease. So the assumption should be about the physical disease.
Option B

HI..
Please solve this...

The spacing of the four holes on a fragment of a bone flute excavated at a Neanderthal campsite is just what is required to play the third through sixth notes of the diatonic scale-the seven-note musical scale used in much of Western music since the Renaissance. Musicologists therefore hypothesize that the diatonic musical scale was developed and used thousands of years before it was adopted by Western musicians.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis?
A. Bone flutes were probably the only musical instrument made by Neanderthals.
B. No musical instrument that is known to have used a diatomic scale is of an earlier date than the flute found at the Neanderthal campsite.
C. The flute was made from a cave-bear bone and the campsite at which the flute fragment was excavated was in a cave that also contained skeletal remains of cave bears.
D. Flutes are the simplest wind instrument that can be constructed to allow playing a diatonic scale.
E. The cave-bear leg bone used to make the Neanderthal flute would have been long enough to make a flute capable of playing a complete diatonic scale.

Another one..

City Official: At City Hospital, uninsured patients tend to have shorter stays and fewer procedures performed than do insured patients, even though insured patients, on average, have slightly less serious medical problems at the time of admission to the hospital than uninsured patients have. Critics of the hospital have concluded that the uninsured patients are mot receiving proper medical care. However, this conclusion is almost certainly false. Careful investigation has recently shown two things: insured patients have much longer stays in the hospital than necessary, and they tend to have more procedures performed than are medically necessary.
In the city officials argument, the two
boldface portions play which of the following roles?
A. The first states the conclusion of the city officials argument; the second provides support for that conclusion.
B. The first is used to support the conclusion of the city officials argument; the second states that conclusion.
C. The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second states the position that the city officials argument opposes.
D. The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second provides support for the conclusion of the city officials argument.
E. The first states the position that the city officials argument opposes; the second states the conclusion of the city officials argument.

Supporting statement for:
Musicologists therefore hypothesize that the diatonic musical scale was developed and used thousands of years before it was adopted by Western musicians

I would have marked option E

E. The cave-bear leg bone used to make the Neanderthal flute would have been long enough to make a flute capable of playing a complete diatonic scale.


What is the source of this question??
&
Wat is the OA??

HI..
Please solve this...

The spacing of the four holes on a fragment of a bone flute excavated at a Neanderthal campsite is just what is required to play the third through sixth notes of the diatonic scalethe seven-note musical scale used in much of Western music since the Renaissance. Musicologists therefore hypothesize that the diatonic musical scale was developed and used thousands of years before it was adopted by Western musicians.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis?
A. Bone flutes were probably the only musical instrument made by Neanderthals.
B. No musical instrument that is known to have used a diatomic scale is of an earlier date than the flute found at the Neanderthal campsite.
C. The flute was made from a cave-bear bone and the campsite at which the flute fragment was excavated was in a cave that also contained skeletal remains of cave bears.
D. Flutes are the simplest wind instrument that can be constructed to allow playing a diatonic scale.
E. The cave-bear leg bone used to make the Neanderthal flute would have been long enough to make a flute capable of playing a complete diatonic scale.

Hi.. u r correct.. OA is E indeed...
I got the question from some Kaplan Notes i have with me..

this one is tricky for me.. I would have marked option E though I was equally inclined towards option B ;)

Hospital Critics' conclusion in words of city official:
the uninsured patients are mot receiving proper medical care.
- this is conclusion to me.. and not a supporint statement.. so C and D out of option
- this is not city official's conclusion, so A is out of question as well.. for me at least

City Official's response to his own version of hospital critics.
this conclusion is almost certainly false.
- official's stand on the critics' conlusion

E. The first states the position that the city officials argument opposes; the second states the conclusion of the city officials argument.


what is the OA plz??

Another one..


City Official: At City Hospital, uninsured patients tend to have shorter stays and fewer procedures performed than do insured patients, even though insured patients, on average, have slightly less serious medical problems at the time of admission to the hospital than uninsured patients have. Critics of the hospital have concluded that
the uninsured patients are mot receiving proper medical care. However, this conclusion is almost certainly false. Careful investigation has recently shown two things: insured patients have much longer stays in the hospital than necessary, and they tend to have more procedures performed than are medically necessary.
In the city officials argument, the two boldface portions play which of the following roles?
A. The first states the conclusion of the city officials argument; the second provides support for that conclusion.
B. The first is used to support the conclusion of the city officials argument; the second states that conclusion.
C. The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second states the position that the city officials argument opposes.
D. The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second provides support for the conclusion of the city officials argument.
E. The first states the position that the city officials argument opposes; the second states the conclusion of the city officials argument.


Another one..

City Official: At City Hospital, uninsured patients tend to have shorter stays and fewer procedures performed than do insured patients, even though insured patients, on average, have slightly less serious medical problems at the time of admission to the hospital than uninsured patients have. Critics of the hospital have concluded that
the uninsured patients are mot receiving proper medical care. However, this conclusion is almost certainly false. Careful investigation has recently shown two things: insured patients have much longer stays in the hospital than necessary, and they tend to have more procedures performed than are medically necessary.
In the city officials argument, the two
boldface portions play which of the following roles?
A. The first states the conclusion of the city officials argument; the second provides support for that conclusion.
B. The first is used to support the conclusion of the city officials argument; the second states that conclusion.
C. The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second states the position that the city officials argument opposes.
D. The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second provides support for the conclusion of the city officials argument.


E. The first states the position that the city officials argument opposes; the second states the conclusion of the city officials argument.


IMO....My answer would be: D

A is not the conclusion of City official...ruled out
B. Both the conditions are wrong. First is by critics and second is an opposition,so ruled out
C. Although the first part of this choice is right, the second part is not an opposition, infact its a support
D. Perfect analogy, first is through critics, and second is used by the officials to support their stance
E. Second is not the conclusion...ruled out.

Good one!
OA please???
Another one..


City Official: At City Hospital, uninsured patients tend to have shorter stays and fewer procedures performed than do insured patients, even though insured patients, on average, have slightly less serious medical problems at the time of admission to the hospital than uninsured patients have. Critics of the hospital have concluded that
the uninsured patients are mot receiving proper medical care. However, this conclusion is almost certainly false. Careful investigation has recently shown two things: insured patients have much longer stays in the hospital than necessary, and they tend to have more procedures performed than are medically necessary.
In the city officials argument, the two boldface portions play which of the following roles?
A. The first states the conclusion of the city officials argument; the second provides support for that conclusion.
B. The first is used to support the conclusion of the city officials argument; the second states that conclusion.
C. The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second states the position that the city officials argument opposes.
D. The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second provides support for the conclusion of the city officials argument.
E. The first states the position that the city officials argument opposes; the second states the conclusion of the city officials argument.

the first sentence is definately not the conclusion, so A,B,C out.
D is also out as its a conclusion by critics and not an argument to support.
E clearly wins.

Hi.. u r correct .. the answer is E..
thanks for the OE.

Hi.. u r correct .. the answer is E..
thanks for the OE.


thanks for confirming..I must say that u got some good bunch of questions.. ;)

u told me u got from Kaplan, but could you tell me which one: Kaplan Comp, Kaplan premier or Kap800!!