IMO C argument depends on the fact that 3/4 hospitals sell Novex. If they do so because they can avail at cheaper rate, the argument fails in its persuasion that Novex is the most effective painkiller.
solve this :
4.Advertisement: For sinus pain, three out of four hospitals give their patients Novex. So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the advertisements argument?
(A) Some competing brands of painkillers are intended to reduce other kinds of pain in addition to sinus pain. (B) Many hospitals that do not usually use Novex will do so for those patients who cannot tolerate the drug the hospitals usually use. (C) Many drug manufacturers increase sales of their products to hospitals by selling these products to the hospitals at the lowest price the manufacturers can afford. (D) Unlike some competing brands of painkillers, Novex is available from pharmacies without a doctors prescription. (E) In clinical trials Novex has been found more effective than competing brands of painkillers that have been on the market longer than Novex.
IMO B statement in boldface is weakening the position of the entrepreneurs and so does B, by mentioning that body doesn't need any more oxygen
A is a little close but it mentions water rather oxygen .
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasiums and health clubs bottles of drinking water, labeled "SuperOXY," that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water. Such water would be useless in improving physical performance, however, since the only way to get oxygen into the bloodstream so that it can be absorbed bye the muscles is through the lungs. Which of the following, if true, would serve the same function in the argument as the statement in boldface? A. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water B. the amount of oxygen in the blood of people who are exercising is already more than the muscle can absorb C. world-class athletes turn in record performance without such water D. frequent physical exercise increases the bodys ability to take in and use oxygen E. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
1.In the course of her researches, a historian recently found two documents mentioning the same person, Erich Schnitzler. One, dated May 3, 1739, is a record of Schnitzlers arrest for peddling without a license. The second, undated, is a statement by Schnitzler asserting that he has been peddling off and on for 20 years.
The facts above best support which of the following conclusions?
(A) Schnitzler started peddling around 1719. No evidence as such in the argument. (B) Schnitzler was arrested repeatedly for peddling. No evidence as such in the argument. (C) The undated document was written before 1765. No evidence as such in the argument. (D) The arrest record was written after the undated document. When Erich said he has been peddling in undated document, he must be free. use of "has been" is the key here. (E) The arrest record provides better evidence that Schnitzler peddled than does the undated document. No such comparison of the validity of documents done in the argument.
The claim is made by stating that since NewTape adheres to skin twice as much as current ones, it will improve healing. If the requirement of adhesiveness is more than fulfilled by current ones then NewTape is as good, if not worse in case too much adhesiveness may cause any harm, as current ones. E is kinda close but it mentions a special scenario when skin is coated with some chemical. but the argument is talking in general.
Solve this:
2.The only purpose for which a particular type of tape is needed is to hold certain surgical wounds closed for ten daysthe maximum time such wounds need tape. Newtape is a new brand of this type of tape. Newtapes salespeople claim that Newtape will improve healing because Newtape adheres twice as long as the currently used tape does.
Which of the following statements, if true, would most seriously call into question the claim made by Newtapes salespeople?
(A) Most surgical wounds take about ten days to heal. (B) Most surgical tape is purchased by hospitals and clinics rather than by individual surgeons. (C) The currently used tapes adhesiveness is more than sufficient to hold wounds closed for ten days. (D) Neither Newtape nor the currently used tape adheres well to skin that has not been cleaned. (E) Newtapes adhesion to skin that has been coated with a special chemical preparation is only half as good as the currently used tapes adhesion to such coated skin.
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasiums and health clubs bottles of drinking water, labeled "SuperOXY," that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water. Such water would be useless in improving physical performance, however, since the only way to get oxygen into the bloodstream so that it can be absorbed bye the muscles is through the lungs.
Which of the following, if true, would serve the same function in the argument as the statement in boldface?
A. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water
B. the amount of oxygen in the blood of people who are exercising is already more than the muscle can absorb
C. world-class athletes turn in record performance without such water
D. frequent physical exercise increases the body's ability to take in and use oxygen
E. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasiums and health clubs bottles of drinking water, labeled "SuperOXY," that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water. Such water would be useless in improving physical performance, however, since the only way to get oxygen into the bloodstream so that it can be absorbed bye the muscles is through the lungs. Which of the following, if true, would serve the same function in the argument as the statement in boldface? A. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water Irrelevant. Does not talk about oxygen.
B. the amount of oxygen in the blood of people who are exercising is already more than the muscle can absorb If this statement is true, then how can the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream be a limiting factor in human physical performance. C. world-class athletes turn in record performance without such water Correct. Proves the uselessness of SuperOxy water by citing concrete example.
D. frequent physical exercise increases the bodys ability to take in and use oxygen Irrelevant. Does not mention anything about the affect of water on performance.
E. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance Irrelevant. Does not mention anything about the affect of water on performance.
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasiums and health clubs bottles of drinking water, labeled "SuperOXY," that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water. Such water would be useless in improving physical performance, however, since the only way to get oxygen into the bloodstream so that it can be absorbed bye the muscles is through the lungs. Which of the following, if true, would serve the same function in the argument as the statement in boldface? A. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water B. the amount of oxygen in the blood of people who are exercising is already more than the muscle can absorb C. world-class athletes turn in record performance without such water D. frequent physical exercise increases the bodys ability to take in and use oxygen E. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
I'll go with B
The boldface gives a reason why the intake of 'superOXY' will be useless.
A - says that 'superOXY' is a extravagance compared to 'water' but doesn't say why it is useless.
C - there can be several reasons for record performance
D - irrelevant
E - rephrases the first line of the argument
B - says the amount of O2 in the blood is already more than what muscles can take... so it is useless to supply more O2 thru 'superOXY'
OA for the below CR is option C.I doubt the OA.I marked option E.
1.In the course of her researches, a historian recently found two documents mentioning the same person, Erich Schnitzler. One, dated May 3, 1739, is a record of Schnitzlers arrest for peddling without a license. The second, undated, is a statement by Schnitzler asserting that he has been peddling off and on for 20 years.
The facts above best support which of the following conclusions?
(A) Schnitzler started peddling around 1719. (B) Schnitzler was arrested repeatedly for peddling. (C) The undated document was written before 1765.* (D) The arrest record was written after the undated document. (E) The arrest record provides better evidence that Schnitzler peddled than does the undated document.
2.The only purpose for which a particular type of tape is needed is to hold certain surgical wounds closed for ten days-the maximum time such wounds need tape. Newtape is a new brand of this type of tape. Newtape's salespeople claim that Newtape will improve healing because Newtape adheres twice as long as the currently used tape does.
Which of the following statements, if true, would most seriously call into question the claim made by Newtape's salespeople?
(A) Most surgical wounds take about ten days to heal. (B) Most surgical tape is purchased by hospitals and clinics rather than by individual surgeons. (C) The currently used tape's adhesiveness is more than sufficient to hold wounds closed for ten days.* (D) Neither Newtape nor the currently used tape adheres well to skin that has not been cleaned. (E) Newtape's adhesion to skin that has been coated with a special chemical preparation is only half as good as the currently used tape's adhesion to such coated skin
3.Advertisement: The world's best coffee beans come from Colombia. The more Colombian beans in a blend of coffee, the better the blend, and no company purchases more Colombian beans than Kreemo Coffee, Inc. So it only stands to reason that if you buy a can of Kreemo's coffee, you're buying the best blended coffee available today.
The reasoning of the argument in the advertisement is flawed because it overlooks the possibility that
(A) the equipment used by Kreemo to blend and package its coffee is no different from that used by most other coffee producers (B) not all of Kreemo's competitors use Colombian coffee beans in the blends of coffee they sell (C) Kreemo sells more coffee than does any other company* (D) Kreemo's coffee is the most expensive blended coffee available today (E) the best unblended coffee is better than the best blended coffee
I'm not convinced with the OA for the below CR.I marked option A
4.Advertisement: For sinus pain, three out of four hospitals give their patients Novex. So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the advertisement's argument?
(A) Some competing brands of painkillers are intended to reduce other kinds of pain in addition to sinus pain. (B) Many hospitals that do not usually use Novex will do so for those patients who cannot tolerate the drug the hospitals usually use. (C) Many drug manufacturers increase sales of their products to hospitals by selling these products to the hospitals at the lowest price the manufacturers can afford. (D) Unlike some competing brands of painkillers, Novex is available from pharmacies without a doctor's prescription.* (E) In clinical trials Novex has been found more effective than competing brands of painkillers that have been on the market longer than Novex.
D can not be an answer, even by far. It's totally unrelated to the argument. Can you check again plz?
I'm not convinced with the OA for the below CR.I marked option A
4.Advertisement: For sinus pain, three out of four hospitals give their patients Novex. So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the advertisements argument?
(A) Some competing brands of painkillers are intended to reduce other kinds of pain in addition to sinus pain. (B) Many hospitals that do not usually use Novex will do so for those patients who cannot tolerate the drug the hospitals usually use. (C) Many drug manufacturers increase sales of their products to hospitals by selling these products to the hospitals at the lowest price the manufacturers can afford. (D) Unlike some competing brands of painkillers, Novex is available from pharmacies without a doctors prescription.* (E) In clinical trials Novex has been found more effective than competing brands of painkillers that have been on the market longer than Novex.
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasiums and health clubs bottles of drinking water, labeled "SuperOXY," that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water. Such water would be useless in improving physical performance, however, since the only way to get oxygen into the bloodstream so that it can be absorbed bye the muscles is through the lungs. Which of the following, if true, would serve the same function in the argument as the statement in boldface? A. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water B. the amount of oxygen in the blood of people who are exercising is already more than the muscle can absorb C. world-class athletes turn in record performance without such water D. frequent physical exercise increases the bodys ability to take in and use oxygen E. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasiums and health clubs bottles of drinking water, labeled "SuperOXY," that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water. Such water would be useless in improving physical performance, however, since the only way to get oxygen into the bloodstream so that it can be absorbed bye the muscles is through the lungs. Which of the following, if true, would serve the same function in the argument as the statement in boldface? A. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water B. the amount of oxygen in the blood of people who are exercising is already more than the muscle can absorb C. world-class athletes turn in record performance without such water D. frequent physical exercise increases the bodys ability to take in and use oxygen E. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
conclusion is that water will not help because .... so if we supply another reasoning which can strengthen the fact that such water will not boost the performance, our job is done..
1000CR is sometimes unreliable. I googled this problem and found in a forum that it's 10th question in OG11 and someone has posted the below explanation from OG too. I dont have the book with me at this time to confirm the same.
Argument Evaluation Situation s. An advertisement claims that Novex is the most effective painkiller for sinus pain since three out of four hospitals use it for patients. Reasoning What paint undermines the advertisement's claim? The argument for Novex's effectiveness as a painkiller is based upon the hospitals' usage. Consider what might be driving the hospitals' choice of medications to administer. Three out of four hospitals might be giving their patients Novex not because it is the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, but because it is inexpensive. If this is the case, the argument is seriously undermined. AOther kinds of pain are irrelevant to the argument since the claim is only about sinus pain. BThis point does not undermine the advertisement's claim. C Correct. This statement properly identifies a factor that could well undermine the advertisement's claim: the hospitals may be using this medication because it is the most cost effective for them. DNovex's nonprescription formula is not relevant to the claim. EThis point strengthens, rather than weakens, the claim. The correct answer is C.
Hi Bizzare, Its a q frm 1000CR and the solution states the same.Jus to clarify I posted it in PG and I the verdict was not clearly in favor of D.
I'm not convinced with the OA for the below CR.I marked option A
4.Advertisement: For sinus pain, three out of four hospitals give their patients Novex. So when you want the most effective painkiller for sinus pain, Novex is the one to choose. Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the advertisements argument? (A) Some competing brands of painkillers are intended to reduce other kinds of pain in addition to sinus pain. (B) Many hospitals that do not usually use Novex will do so for those patients who cannot tolerate the drug the hospitals usually use. (C) Many drug manufacturers increase sales of their products to hospitals by selling these products to the hospitals at the lowest price the manufacturers can afford. (D) Unlike some competing brands of painkillers, Novex is available from pharmacies without a doctors prescription.* (E) In clinical trials Novex has been found more effective than competing brands of painkillers that have been on the market longer than Novex.
Well after knowing the OA 😛 ... D infact does most seriously undermine the advertisement's conclusion.
The argument concludes that Novex is most effective just because 3/4 hospitals give their patients Novex.
This can be falsified if there is some other reason why 3/4 hospitals give their patients Novex. Option D lays out a possible reason i.e.
Novex is easily available than any of its competitors. So effectiveness is not the reason but easy availability is the reason why 3/4 hospitals give out Novex. Its competitors are maybe more effective than Novex but since they are difficult to procure compared to Novex the hospitals gives Novex instead.
So this option directly attacks the assumption that hospitals are giving out Novex because of its effectiveness.
As for rest of the options
A - irrelevant (we not concerned about added benefits but just the effectiveness for sinus pain)
B - this argument restricts the patients to patients who can't tolerate other meds.. so we cannot generalise for all patients.
C - does explain why Novex can easily reach the hospitals compared to its other competitors but it does say anything about Novex reaching the patients. i.e. supplier -> hospitals ->patients. Explains the advantage that Novex may have in the first link 'supplier -> hospitals'.. nothing about 'hospitals -> patients'
E - well first of all it talks about only clinical trials and not practical situation ... secondly..it talks about only competitors who have been in the market longer than Novex... what about the others ?
my confusion arose when my answer did not match the OA.. I marked option B becuase I found it pretty straigh forward.. and to the point..
however to my surprise, the OA was option A.. and now wht comes to me as a bigger surprise is that Puys are equally divided in their opinions and none so far has chosen option A.. :biggrin::biggrin::biggrin:
anyway.. I still believe that option B should be the correct option.. and I can share my reasoning if needed..
One of the limiting factors in human physical performance is the amount of oxygen that is absorbed by the muscles from the bloodstream. Accordingly, entrepreneurs have begun selling at gymnasiums and health clubs bottles of drinking water, labeled "SuperOXY," that has extra oxygen dissolved in the water. Such water would be useless in improving physical performance, however, since the only way to get oxygen into the bloodstream so that it can be absorbed bye the muscles is through the lungs. Which of the following, if true, would serve the same function in the argument as the statement in boldface? A. the water lost in exercising can be replaced with ordinary tap water B. the amount of oxygen in the blood of people who are exercising is already more than the muscle can absorb C. world-class athletes turn in record performance without such water D. frequent physical exercise increases the bodys ability to take in and use oxygen E. lack of oxygen is not the only factor limiting human physical performance
IMO B statement in boldface is weakening the position of the entrepreneurs and so does B, by mentioning that body doesn't need any more oxygen
A is a little close but it mentions water rather oxygen .
My take for the below CR is option C
Thumri Says
IMO C. Explanation below.
I'll go with B
The boldface gives a reason why the intake of 'superOXY' will be useless.
A - says that 'superOXY' is a extravagance compared to 'water' but doesn't say why it is useless.
C - there can be several reasons for record performance
D - irrelevant
E - rephrases the first line of the argument
B - says the amount of O2 in the blood is already more than what muscles can take... so it is useless to supply more O2 thru 'superOXY'
BizzareNym Says
pardon me if missed its OA. has it been posted?
conclusion is that water will not help because .... so if we supply another reasoning which can strengthen the fact that such water will not boost the performance, our job is done..
my confusion arose when my answer did not match the OA.. I marked option B becuase I found it pretty straigh forward.. and to the point..
however to my surprise, the OA was option A.. and now wht comes to me as a bigger surprise is that Puys are equally divided in their opinions and none so far has chosen option A.. :biggrin::biggrin::biggrin:
anyway.. I still believe that option B should be the correct option.. and I can share my reasoning if needed..
I don't know why after knowing the OA ... the justification jumps out of the page.
boldface part says the only way to get oxygen into the bloodstream so that it can be absorbed bye the muscles is through the lungs.
basically.. the only way oxygen is useful for PE is when the intake is thru lungs.
= drinking superOXY has no effect.
i.e if the oxygen in superOXY is for no use.. then there is nothing to distinguish it from normal H2O...
so if the water lost during exercising can be replenished by natural water (A) to the same extent as superOXY.. the only difference b/w the 2 kinds of water (O2 content) serves no purpose.
therefore Such water would be useless in improving physical performance ... the argument's conclusion.
