IMPORTANT TOPIC FOR NABARD MAINS 2020
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Types of Soils
Alluvial soils
Black soil
Red and Yellow soils
Laterite soils
Desert soils
Saline and Alkaline soils
Peaty and marshy soils
Forest and mountain soils
@ Alluvial Soil
•States Where Found Mainly found in the Plains of Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, UP, Bihar, Jharkhand etc.
•Rich in: Potash and Lime
•Lacks in: Nitrogen and Phosphorous
•Crops grown Large variety of rabi and kharif crops such as wheat, rice, sugarcane, cotton, jute etc.
@ Black Soil
•States Where Found Deccan Pateau- Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, AndhraPradesh,TamilNadu, Valleys of Krishna and Godavari.
•Rich in: Lime, Iron, Magnesia and Alumina, Potash
•Lacks in: Phosphorous, Nitrogen and organic matter
•Crops grown Cotton, sugarcane,jowar, tobacco, wheat, rice etc.
@ Red Soil
•States Where Found Eastern and southern part of the deccan plateau, Orissa,Chattisgarhand southern parts of the middle Ganga plain.
•Rich in: Iron and Potash
•Lacks in: Nitrogen, Phosphorous and humus.
•Crops grown Wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane and pulses
@ Laterite Soil
•States where found Karnataka, Kerala,Tamilnadu, MadhyaPradesh, Assam and Orissa hills.
•Rich in: Iron oxide and potash
•Lacks in: Organic matter, Nitrogen, Phosphateand Calcium
•Crops grown Cashewnuts, tea, coffee, rubber
@ Desert Soil
•States Where Found Western Rajastan, north Gujarat and southern Punjab
•Rich in: Soluble salts, phosphate
•Lacks in: Humus, Nitrogen
•Crops grown Only drought resistant and salt tolerant crops such as barley, rape, cotton, millets maize and pulses
@ Saline and Alkaline Soil
•States Where Found Western Gujarat, deltas of eastern coast,Sunderbanareas of West Bengal, Punjab and Haryana
•Rich in: Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium
•Lacks in: Nitrogen and Calcium
•Crops grown Unfit for agriculture
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