Medieval history :तुगलक राजवंश/tughlaq dynasty/1320-1414/Ghiyasud-din Tughlaq /Muhammad Bin Tughlaq
-• Khusrau Khan, the last king of the Khilji dynasty was killed by Ghazi Malik, and Ghazi Malik ascended the throne assuming the title Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq. -Fakhr Malik who later became Sultan Muhammad Bin Tughlaq Jauna (Ulugh Khan)
-• He tried to introduce many administrative reforms.
He had 5 ambitious projects (1326-1330)for which he has become particularly debatable.
1. Taxation in the Doab (1326)
2. Transfer of Capital (1327)
3. Introduction of Token Currency (1329) 4. Proposed Khurasan Expedition (1329)
5. Qarachil Expedition-his plans to invade China(1330) -keen interest in agriculture-Creation of Diwan-i-Kohi -Contemporary writers like Isami, Barani and Ibn Battutah were unable to give a correct picture about his personality. -Ziauddin Barni Twarikh-i-Firuzshahi and Fatwa-i-Jahan-dari. Ibn Battuta Rihla.
Part-2:Tughlaq Dynasty, Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1351-1388 AD)/ Medieval history/
-• Established of Diwan-i-Khairat(department for poor and needy people) and Diwan-l-Bundagan(department of slaves)
-• Construction of canals for irrigation from
1. Yamuna to the city of Hissar
2. From the Sutlej to the Ghaggar
3. From the Ghaggar to Firuzabad
4. From Mandvi and Sirmour Hills to Hansi in Haryana.
• Establishment of four new towns, Firuzabad, Jaunpur-in memory of Muhammad Bin Tughlaq-JAUNA.,Fatebabad, and Hissar.
-• He collected four important taxes such as -------------------
1. Kharaj- 1/10TH of the produce of the land,
2. Khams- 1/5THof the war booty,
3. Jizya- Levied on Non-muslims
4. Zakat- Tax on Muslims for specific religious purposes.
o The Malwa, Gujarat and Sharqi (Jaunpur) Kingdoms broke away from the Sultanate.
o Timur Invasion: (1398-99)-Timur, a Turk, invaded India in 1398 during the reign of Muhammad Shah Tughlaq, the last ruler of Tughlaq dynasty.
o His army mercilessely sacked and plundered Dellhi.