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In this article we are discussing exogenic processes in detail.

a) Exogenic processes derive their energy from the sun’s heat and by geothermal gradient created by tectonic factors.

b) Gravitational force acts upon all materials on Earth that are at a slant. This causes downward movement of matter. 

c) Such force applied per unit area is called stress. It is produced in solids by push or pull and is responsible for breakage of rocks and other Earth materials.

d) Beside gravitational stress, there are molecular stresses like temperature change, crystallisation and melting. 

e) The third type of stress, chemical stress, loosens the bond between grains, dissolving soluble minerals or cementing materials. 

f) Temperature and precipitation are two important climatic elements that control these processes.  

g) All exogenic geomorphic processes are collectively called denudation. These processes vary from region to region owing to climatic differences.  

Geomorphic processes may also vary within any region due to:                                i) Altitudinal differences                                                                                              

ii) Wind velocities & direction

iii) Amount & kind of precipitation                                                                             

iv) Atmospheric intensity        

v) Relation between precipitation & evaporation                                                    

vi) Daily range of temperature                                                                                  

vii) Freezing & thawing frequency                                                                          

viii) Depth of frost penetration.

h) Denudation also depends on the type, structure and composition of rocks. A particular rock may be resistant to one process & non-resistant to another. 

i) The effects of most exogenic geomorphic processes may be slow and unnoticeable within a short time span. However, in the long run they will affect rocks severely due to continued fatigue.

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