15. People who take what others regard as a ridiculous position should not bother to say, "I mean every word!" For either their position truly is ridiculous, in which case insisting that they are serious about it only exposes them to deeper embarrassment, or else their position has merit, in which case they should meet disbelief with rational argument rather than with assurances of their sincerity. Which one of the following arguments is most similar in its reasoning to the argument above?
(A) A practice that has been denounced as poor practice should not be defended on the grounds that "this is how we have always done it." If the practice is a poor one, so much the worse that it has been extensively used; if it is not poor one, there must be a better reason for engaging in it than inertia.
(B) People who are asked why they eat some of the unusual foods they eat should not answer, "because that is what I like." This sort of answer will sound either naive or evasive and thus will satisfy no one.
(C) People whose taste in clothes is being criticized should not replay, "Every penny I spent on these clothes I earned honestly." For the issue raise by the critics is not how the money was come by but rather whether it was spent wisely.
(D) Scholars who champion unpopular new theories should not assume that the widespread rejection of their ideas shows that they "must be on the right track." The truth is that few theories of any consequence are either wholly right or wholly wrong and thus there is no substitute for patient works in ascertaining which parts are right.
(E) People who set themselves goals that others denounce as overly ambitious do little to silence their critics if they say, "I can accomplish this if anyone can." Rather, those people should either admit that their critics are right or not dignify the criticism with any reply.
??
Hi Puys,
My answer is in colour, Here one must try to figure out same attitude in different scenerios. Just for the sake of defending it in ones deed in both argument someone is following the inertia part, which is unusual and not required to be defended. Hence in my opinion Answer must be option-A, which has same similarity as the original argument and shows same inference which none other options show.:D
Q. Commensalism is any relationship between two living things in which one benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed. Oxpecker birds are commensal species that flock with the large mammals of the African Savannah. They feed on ticks, fleas, and flies that are attracted to the mammals' fur.
Which of the following, if true, can most reasonably be inferred from the statements above? (A) Oxpecker birds are neither helped nor harmed by the large mammals of the African Savannah. (B) Ticks, fleas, and flies are commensal species in their relationship with both oxpecker birds and the large mammals of the African Savannah. (C) No species exist in a commensal relationship with oxpecker birds except for large mammals of the African Savannah. (D) In commensal relationships, the smaller of the species in the relationship usually benefits while the larger is neither helped nor harmed. (E) Preying on small creatures drawn to the fur of the large mammals of the African Savannah does not significantly affect those mammals.
------------------------------------------------------------- My answer will be (E).
My choice is the underlined option in every q. WAT r the OAs??
Hi All,
I have recollected all the CR's (still unanswered )
Try them they are good .
Bit of explanation would be appreciated. -------------------------------------------------------------------
Questions 5 Although its purpose is laudable, the exclusionary rule, which forbids a court to consider evidence seized in violation of the defendants constitutional rights, has unduly hampered law-enforcement efforts. Even when the rights violation was a minor or purely technical one, turning on a detail of procedure rather than on the abrogation of some fundamental liberty, and even when it has been clear that the police officers were acting in good faith, the evidence obtained has been considered tainted under this rule and may not even by introduced. In consequence, defendants who were undoubtedly guilty have been set free, perhaps to steal, rape, or murder again. 5. The author of the passage above assumes all of the following EXCEPT: (A) The constitutional rights of criminal defendants should be protected. (B) Most cases in which the exclusionary rule has been invoked have involved purely technical violations of constitutional principles. (C) The number of cases whose outcome has been affected by the exclusionary rule is significant. (D) Some of the defendants set free under the exclusionary rule have been guilty of serious criminal offenses. (E) Merely technical violations of the rules concerning evidence should be treated IMO author is assuming opp. of E gud 1
11. Gloria: Those who advocate tuition tax credits for parents whose children attend private schools maintain that people making no use of a government service should not be forced to pay for it. Yet those who choose to buy bottled water rather than drink water from the local supply are not therefore exempt from paying taxes to maintain the local water supply. Roger: Your argument is illogical. Children are required by law to attend school. Since school attendance is a matter not of choice, but of legal requirement, it is unfair for the government to force some parents to pay for it twice. Which of the following responses by Gloria would best refute Rogers charge that her argument is illogical? (A) Although drinking water is not required by law, it is necessary for all people, and therefore my analogy is appropriate. (B) Those who can afford the tuition at a high-priced private school can well bear the same tax burden as those whose children attend public schools. (C) If tuition tax credits are granted, the tax burden on parents who choose public schools will rise to an intolerable level. (D) The law does not say that parents must send their children to private schools, only that the children must attend some kind of school, whether public or private. (E) Both bottled water and private schools are luxury items, and it is unfair that some citizens should be able to afford them while others cannot.
16. Which of the following best completes the passage below? As long as savings deposits are insured by the government, depositors will have no incentive to evaluate the financial strength of a savings bank. Yield alone will influence their choice of bank. To attract deposits, banks will be forced to offer the highest possible interest rates. And since paying higher rates inevitably strains the financial strength of a bank, ______ (A) the government will be forced o impose limitations on interest rates (B) deposit insurance will ultimately lead to the financial weakening of many banks (C) savers will be forced to choose between deposit insurance and higher interest rates (D) deposits will tend to go to the banks with the greatest financial strength (E) bank profits will tend to rise to ever-higher levels
Test1-Questions 8 Investing in real estate would be a profitable venture at this time. A survey in House magazine revealed that 85% of the magazines readers are planning to buy a second home over the next few years. A study of the real estate industry, however, revealed that the current supply of homes could only provide for 65% of that demand each year. 8. Which of the following, if true, reveals a weakness in the evidence cited above? (A) Real estate is a highly labor-intensive business. (B) Home builders are not evenly distributed across the country. (C) The number of people who want second homes has been increasing each year for the past ten years. (D) Readers of House magazine are more likely than most people to want second homes. (E) House magazine includes articles about owning a second home as well as articles about building a second home.
Depending on 1 particular fact not generalizing .
17. Every painting hanging in the Hoular Gallery is by a French painter. No painting in the Hoular Gallery is by a Vorticist. Only Vorticists use acrylic monochromes in their works. If the information above is true, which of the following must also be true? (A) No French painters are Vorticists. (B) All Vorticists use acrylic monochromes in their works. (C) Some French painters do not use acrylic monochromes in their works. (D) No French painters use acrylic monochromes in their works. (E) All French painters who use acrylics use acrylic monochromes in their works.
Only vorticst use ....
4. At one time, European and Japanese companies tried to imitate their American rivals. Today, American appliance manufacturers import European scientists to lead their research staffs; American automakers design cars that mimic the styling of German, Italian, and French imports; and American electronics firms boast in their advertising of Japanese-style devotion to quality and reliability. In the world of high technology, America has lost the battle for international prestige. Each of the following statements, if true, would help to support the claim above EXCEPT: (A) An American camera company claims in its promotional literature to produce cameras as fine as the best Swiss imports. (B) An American maker of stereo components designs its products to resemble those of a popular Japanese firm. (C) An American manufacturer of video games uses a brand name chosen because it sounds like a Japanese word. (D) An American maker of televisions studies German-made televisions in order to adopt German manufacturing techniques. (E) An American maker of frozen foods advertises its dinners as Real European-style entrees prepared by fine French and Italian chefs.
15. Alba: I dont intend to vote for Senator Frank in the next election. She is not a strong supporter of the war against crime. Tam: But Senator Frank sponsored the latest anticrime law passed by the Senate. Alba: If Senator Frank sponsored it, it cant be a very strong anticrime law. Which of the following identifies the most serious logical flaw in Albas reasoning? (A) The facts she presents do not support her conclusion that Senator Frank is soft on crime. (B) She assumes without proof that crime is the most important issue in the upcoming election. (C) She argues in a circle, using an unsupported assertion to dismiss conflicting evidence. (D) She attacks Senator Frank on personal grounds rather than on he merit as a political leader. (E) In deciding not to vote for Senator Frank, she fails to consider issues other than crime.
2. In the years since the city of London imposed strict air-pollution regulations on local industry, the number of bird species seen in and around London has increased dramatically. Similar air-pollution rules should be imposed in other major cities. Each of the following is an assumption made in the argument above EXCEPT: (A) I n most major cities, air-pollution problems are caused almost entirely by local industry. (B) Air-pollution regulations on industry have a significant impact on the quality of the air. (C) The air-pollution problems of other major cities are basically similar to those once suffered by London. (D) An increase in the number of bird species in and around a city is desirable (E) The increased sightings of bird species in and around London reflect an actual increase in the number of species in the area.
i was wondering if anyone can explain the logic behind this cr question
In a typical year, most visitors to Wyoming's Yellowstone National Park are not residents of Wyoming. But most of the visitors are residents of the U.S. From this it follows that: A. most residents of the U.S. are not residents of Wyoming. B. some residents of Wyoming are not visitors to Yellowstone Park. C. most residents of Wyoming are residents of the U.S. D. some residents of the U.S. are not residents of Wyoming. E. some residents of the U.S. are not visitors to Yellowstone Park.
i was wondering if anyone can explain the logic behind this cr question
In a typical year, most visitors to Wyoming's Yellowstone National Park are not residents of Wyoming. But most of the visitors are residents of the U.S. From this it follows that: A. most residents of the U.S. are not residents of Wyoming. B. some residents of Wyoming are not visitors to Yellowstone Park. C. most residents of Wyoming are residents of the U.S. D. some residents of the U.S. are not residents of Wyoming. E. some residents of the U.S. are not visitors to Yellowstone Park.
i was wondering if anyone can explain the logic behind this cr question
In a typical year, most visitors to Wyoming's Yellowstone National Park are not residents of Wyoming. But most of the visitors are residents of the U.S. From this it follows that: A. most residents of the U.S. are not residents of Wyoming. B. some residents of Wyoming are not visitors to Yellowstone Park. C. most residents of Wyoming are residents of the U.S. D. some residents of the U.S. are not residents of Wyoming. E. some residents of the U.S. are not visitors to Yellowstone Park.
Ans: D I would appreciate ur help
I dont know what the best way to approach this problem, but here's what I usually do. In CR, I look for the connecting factor between statement 1 & statement 2 and which isnt stated or assumed.
A. most residents of the U.S. are not residents of Wyoming. - There is no evidence to that in both statement. Both statements does not indicates how many residents are there in Wyoming or in US
B. some residents of Wyoming are not visitors to Yellowstone Park. - There is no evidence for that too. For example all the residents in Wyoming could have visited the park but the number of visitors from outside Wyoming could be far more than the number of residents in Wyoming.
C. most residents of Wyoming are residents of the U.S. -This is an implied statement and cannot be an inference. For example if a person is residing in Delhi, this automatically makes him a resident of India.Similary a resident of Wyoming is automatically a resident of US.
E. some residents of the U.S. are not visitors to Yellowstone Park. This is a conclusion and not an inference. If most of the visitors to Wyoming are resident of US then the complentary statement is that some resident are not visitors.
D. some residents of the U.S. are not residents of Wyoming. Correct.
My answer is in colour, Here one must try to figure out same attitude in different scenerios. Just for the sake of defending it in ones deed in both argument someone is following the inertia part, which is unusual and not required to be defended. Hence in my opinion Answer must be option-A, which has same similarity as the original argument and shows same inference which none other options show.:D
I dont know. I'm kind of bent towards Answer E. Target@2011, let us know the right answer, ok ?
Each increase of 1 percent in real disposable personal income per capita will increase the share of the electorate for an incumbent by about 2.2 percentage points, other things being equal. Since 1952 there has been a decline in real disposable income during only one presidential election year. The incumbent lost that election. Which of the following conclusions can be properly drawn from the statements above? (A) When an incumbent runs for office, he or she is likely to win. (B) Political parties should take care to put forth a candidate who seems prosperous. (C) Presidential candidates should put their greatest efforts into improving their public image. (D) Because a presidential campaign requires the expenditure of large amounts of money, it frequently impoverishes a candidate and his or her supporters. (E) The outcome of a presidential election is substantially affected by factors other than the ideological positions of the candidates
Questions 5 Although its purpose is laudable, the exclusionary rule, which forbids a court to consider evidence seized in violation of the defendant's constitutional rights, has unduly hampered law-enforcement efforts. Even when the rights violation was a minor or purely technical one, turning on a detail of procedure rather than on the abrogation of some fundamental liberty, and even when it has been clear that the police officers were acting in good faith, the evidence obtained has been considered tainted under this rule and may not even by introduced. In consequence, defendants who were undoubtedly guilty have been set free, perhaps to steal, rape, or murder again. 5. The author of the passage above assumes all of the following EXCEPT: (A) The constitutional rights of criminal defendants should be protected. (B) Most cases in which the exclusionary rule has been invoked have involved purely technical violations of constitutional principles. (C) The number of cases whose outcome has been affected by the exclusionary rule is significant. (D) Some of the defendants set free under the exclusionary rule have been guilty of serious criminal offenses. (E) Merely technical violations of the rules concerning evidence should be treated
11. Gloria: Those who advocate tuition tax credits for parents whose children attend private schools maintain that people making no use of a government service should not be forced to pay for it. Yet those who choose to buy bottled water rather than drink water from the local supply are not therefore exempt from paying taxes to maintain the local water supply. Roger: Your argument is illogical. Children are required by law to attend school. Since school attendance is a matter not of choice, but of legal requirement, it is unfair for the government to force some parents to pay for it twice. Which of the following responses by Gloria would best refute Roger's charge that her argument is illogical? (A) Although drinking water is not required by law, it is necessary for all people, and therefore my analogy is appropriate. (B) Those who can afford the tuition at a high-priced private school can well bear the same tax burden as those whose children attend public schools. (C) If tuition tax credits are granted, the tax burden on parents who choose public schools will rise to an intolerable level. (D) The law does not say that parents must send their children to private schools, only that the children must attend some kind of school, whether public or private. (E) Both bottled water and private schools are luxury items, and it is unfair that some citizens should be able to afford them while others cannot.
16. Which of the following best completes the passage below? As long as savings deposits are insured by the government, depositors will have no incentive to evaluate the financial strength of a savings bank. Yield alone will influence their choice of bank. To attract deposits, banks will be forced to offer the highest possible interest rates. And since paying higher rates inevitably strains the financial strength of a bank, ______ (A) the government will be forced o impose limitations on interest rates (B) deposit insurance will ultimately lead to the financial weakening of many banks (C) savers will be forced to choose between deposit insurance and higher interest rates (D) deposits will tend to go to the banks with the greatest financial strength (E) bank profits will tend to rise to ever-higher levels
Test1-Questions 8 Investing in real estate would be a profitable venture at this time. A survey in House magazine revealed that 85% of the magazine's readers are planning to buy a second home over the next few years. A study of the real estate industry, however, revealed that the current supply of homes could only provide for 65% of that demand each year. 8. Which of the following, if true, reveals a weakness in the evidence cited above? (A) Real estate is a highly labor-intensive business. (B) Home builders are not evenly distributed across the country. (C) The number of people who want second homes has been increasing each year for the past ten years. (D) Readers of House magazine are more likely than most people to want second homes. (E) House magazine includes articles about owning a second home as well as articles about building a second home.
17. Every painting hanging in the Hoular Gallery is by a French painter. No painting in the Hoular Gallery is by a Vorticist. Only Vorticists use acrylic monochromes in their works. If the information above is true, which of the following must also be true? (A) No French painters are Vorticists. (B) All Vorticists use acrylic monochromes in their works. (C) Some French painters do not use acrylic monochromes in their works. (D) No French painters use acrylic monochromes in their works. (E) All French painters who use acrylics use acrylic monochromes in their works.
Only vorticst use ....
4. At one time, European and Japanese companies tried to imitate their American rivals. Today, American appliance manufacturers import European scientists to lead their research staffs; American automakers design cars that mimic the styling of German, Italian, and French imports; and American electronics firms boast in their advertising of "Japanese-style" devotion to quality and reliability. In the world of high technology, America has lost the battle for international prestige. Each of the following statements, if true, would help to support the claim above EXCEPT: (A) An American camera company claims in its promotional literature to produce cameras "as fine as the best Swiss imports." (B) An American maker of stereo components designs its products to resemble those of a popular Japanese firm. (C) An American manufacturer of video games uses a brand name chosen because it sounds like a Japanese word. (D) An American maker of televisions studies German-made televisions in order to adopt German manufacturing techniques. (E) An American maker of frozen foods advertises its dinners as "Real European-style entrees prepared by fine French and Italian chefs."
15. Alba: I don't intend to vote for Senator Frank in the next election. She is not a strong supporter of the war against crime. Tam: But Senator Frank sponsored the latest anticrime law passed by the Senate. Alba: If Senator Frank sponsored it, it can't be a very strong anticrime law. Which of the following identifies the most serious logical flaw in Alba's reasoning? (A) The facts she presents do not support her conclusion that Senator Frank is soft on crime. (B) She assumes without proof that crime is the most important issue in the upcoming election. (C) She argues in a circle, using an unsupported assertion to dismiss conflicting evidence. (D) She attacks Senator Frank on personal grounds rather than on he merit as a political leader. (E) In deciding not to vote for Senator Frank, she fails to consider issues other than crime.
2. In the years since the city of London imposed strict air-pollution regulations on local industry, the number of bird species seen in and around London has increased dramatically. Similar air-pollution rules should be imposed in other major cities. Each of the following is an assumption made in the argument above EXCEPT: (A) I n most major cities, air-pollution problems are caused almost entirely by local industry. (B) Air-pollution regulations on industry have a significant impact on the quality of the air. (C) The air-pollution problems of other major cities are basically similar to those once suffered by London. (D) An increase in the number of bird species in and around a city is desirable (E) The increased sightings of bird species in and around London reflect an actual increase in the number of species in the area.
Each increase of 1 percent in real disposable personal income per capita will increase the share of the electorate for an incumbent by about 2.2 percentage points, other things being equal. Since 1952 there has been a decline in real disposable income during only one presidential election year. The incumbent lost that election. Which of the following conclusions can be properly drawn from the statements above? (A) When an incumbent runs for office, he or she is likely to win. (B) Political parties should take care to put forth a candidate who seems prosperous. (C) Presidential candidates should put their greatest efforts into improving their public image. (D) Because a presidential campaign requires the expenditure of large amounts of money, it frequently impoverishes a candidate and his or her supporters. (E) The outcome of a presidential election is substantially affected by factors other than the ideological positions of the candidates
Actually it's quite easy ( I think). If the only objective is to draw conclusions then the answer is E. Let me know if it's different. Also I have given below my reasoning on the same.
Question indicates that an increase in per capita income results in the percentage increase of electorate for an incumbent. When the per capita income falls, an incumbent is adversely affect too.
(A) When an incumbent runs for office, he or she is likely to win.= The above question states that all but one incumbent won re-election since 1952. It does not take into account pre-1952 historic accounts. There isnt sufficient evidence to support this conclusion
(B) Political parties should take care to put forth a candidate who seems prosperous. = The above question stress on the relation between the capital income of electorates & the possibility of re-election of an incumbent. There are no supporting statements to define any relation between re-election of an incumbent & the prosperity of a political candidate
(C) Presidential candidates should put their greatest efforts into improving their public image = The above question concerns about incumbent and does not specifically targets presidential candidates. This statement takes a narrow view point, also disregarding the relation between re-election & per capital income growth.
(D) Because a presidential campaign requires the expenditure of large amounts of money, it frequently impoverishes a candidate and his or her supporters.= Again this statement has no relation to above mentioned topic
(E) The outcome of a presidential election is substantially affected by factors other than the ideological positions of the candidates= Agree. The question indicates an election is affected by the growth in real per capita income. Hence this statement encompasses the above mentioned factor, indicating that the candidate's ideological stance alone is not sufficient in determining the outcome of a presidential election.
Each increase of 1 percent in real disposable personal income per capita will increase the share of the electorate for an incumbent by about 2.2 percentage points, other things being equal. Since 1952 there has been a decline in real disposable income during only one presidential election year. The incumbent lost that election. Which of the following conclusions can be properly drawn from the statements above? (A) When an incumbent runs for office, he or she is likely to win. (B) Political parties should take care to put forth a candidate who seems prosperous. (C) Presidential candidates should put their greatest efforts into improving their public image. (D) Because a presidential campaign requires the expenditure of large amounts of money, it frequently impoverishes a candidate and his or her supporters. (E) The outcome of a presidential election is substantially affected by factors other than the ideological positions of the candidates
A is absurd. B is irrelevant.C and D don't talk about the issue at hand. E suggests "presidential election is substantially affected by factors other than the ideological positions of the candidates" per capita income, which affects the result of presendential elections, is a factor outside ideological positions of the canditate. Hence, E can be properly concluded from the passage.
SET 4) 14) Opponents of laws that require automobile drivers and passengers to wear seat belts argue that in a free society people have the right to take risks as long as the people do not harm others as a result of taking the risks. As a result, they conclude that it should be each persons decision whether or not to wear a seat belt. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion drawn above? (A) Many new cars are built with seat belts that automatically fasten when someone sits in the front seat. (B) Automobile insurance rates for all automobile owners are higher because of the need to pay for the increased injuries or deaths of people not wearing seat belts. (C) Passengers in airplanes are required to wear seat belts during takeoffs and landings. (D) The rate of automobile fatalities in states that do not have mandatory seat-belt laws is greater than the rate of fatalities in states that do have such laws. (E) In automobile accidents, a greater number of passengers who do not wear seat belts are injured than are passengers who do wear seat belts.
17) One state adds a 7 percent sales tax to the price of most products purchased within its jurisdiction. This tax, therefore, if viewed as tax on income, has the reverse effect of the federal income tax: the lower the income, the higher the annual percentage rate at which the income is taxed. The conclusion above would be properly drawn if which of the following were assumed as a premise? (A) The amount of money citizens spend on products subject to the state tax tends to be equal across income levels. (B) The federal income tax favors citizens with high incomes, whereas the state sales tax favors citizens with low incomes. (C) Citizens with low annual incomes can afford to pay a relatively higher percentage of their incomes in state sales tax, since their federal income tax is relatively low. (D) The lower a states sales tax, the more it will tend to redistribute income from the more affluent citizens to the rest of society. (E) Citizens who fail to earn federally taxable income are also exempt from the state sales tax. 18. The average age of chief executive officers (CEOs) in a large sample of companies is 57. The average age of CEOs in those same companies 20 years ago was approximately eight years younger. On the basis of those data, it can be concluded that CEOs in general tend to be older now. Which of the following casts the most doubt on the conclusion drawn above? (A) The dates when the CEOs assumed their current positions have not been specified. (B) No information is given concerning the average number of years that CEOs remain in office. (C) The information is based only on companies that have been operating for at least 20 years. (D) Only approximate information is given concerning the average age of the CEOs 20 years ago. (E) Information concerning the exact number of companies in the sample has not been given.
SET 4) 14) Opponents of laws that require automobile drivers and passengers to wear seat belts argue that in a free society people have the right to take risks as long as the people do not harm others as a result of taking the risks. As a result, they conclude that it should be each persons decision whether or not to wear a seat belt. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion drawn above? (A) Many new cars are built with seat belts that automatically fasten when someone sits in the front seat. (B) Automobile insurance rates for all automobile owners are higher because of the need to pay for the increased injuries or deaths of people not wearing seat belts. (C) Passengers in airplanes are required to wear seat belts during takeoffs and landings. (D) The rate of automobile fatalities in states that do not have mandatory seat-belt laws is greater than the rate of fatalities in states that do have such laws. (E) In automobile accidents, a greater number of passengers who do not wear seat belts are injured than are passengers who do wear seat belts.
17) One state adds a 7 percent sales tax to the price of most products purchased within its jurisdiction. This tax, therefore, if viewed as tax on income, has the reverse effect of the federal income tax: the lower the income, the higher the annual percentage rate at which the income is taxed. The conclusion above would be properly drawn if which of the following were assumed as a premise? (A) The amount of money citizens spend on products subject to the state tax tends to be equal across income levels. (B) The federal income tax favors citizens with high incomes, whereas the state sales tax favors citizens with low incomes. (C) Citizens with low annual incomes can afford to pay a relatively higher percentage of their incomes in state sales tax, since their federal income tax is relatively low. (D) The lower a states sales tax, the more it will tend to redistribute income from the more affluent citizens to the rest of society. (E) Citizens who fail to earn federally taxable income are also exempt from the state sales tax. 18. The average age of chief executive officers (CEOs) in a large sample of companies is 57. The average age of CEOs in those same companies 20 years ago was approximately eight years younger. On the basis of those data, it can be concluded that CEOs in general tend to be older now. Which of the following casts the most doubt on the conclusion drawn above? (A) The dates when the CEOs assumed their current positions have not been specified.
Ok. In the initial statement, the opponent to the mandatory seat belt claims that we each have our own freedom & so we have the right to wear a seatbelt or to not wear a seatbelt (and die). We're looking for one point to weaken this claim to freedom. Let's put ourselves in the opponents place & answer the question
A) Many new cars are built with seat belts that automatically fasten when someone sits in the front seat = Is totally irrelevant
(B) Automobile insurance rates for all automobile owners are higher because of the need to pay for the increased injuries or deaths of people not wearing seat belts = Oh dear! that means if one doesn't wear their seatbelt & dies in an accident, the insurance companies will have to pay for accidental deaths. In order to recover this loss, the premiums on other accidental insurance will be increased. Hence one's choice of not to wear seatbelt becomes an undue burden on other automobile owners.
(C) Passengers in airplanes are required to wear seat belts during takeoffs and landings = Doesn't affect the argument again. In literal sense, we're talking about seatbelt for cars & not for planes
(D) The rate of automobile fatalities in states that do not have mandatory seat-belt laws is greater than the rate of fatalities in states that do have such laws = So what. That doesn't mean that the freedom to not wear seatbelt should be taken away. My life, my choice
(E) In automobile accidents, a greater number of passengers who do not wear seat belts are injured than are passengers who do wear seat belts = Again, that doesn't mean that the freedom should be taken away
Dear Dsouzahit - take your point that E does not directly imply that the freedom be taken away but considering that it is the prime function of the govt. to take care of its people, i would take E as enough reason to keep the restriction. the only concern here is that we need to assume that the govt is functioning for the safety of its people..... hope this exp. helps!
Can anyone tell me where i can get powerscore cr bible? I heard that it is very gud. I am located in hyderabad. I tried in bookshops like walden but couldnt get that
Which of the following best completes the passage below? One tax-reform proposal that has gained increasing support in recent years is the flat tax, which would impose a uniform tax rate on incomes at every level. Opponents of the flat tax say that a progressive tax system, which levies a higher rate of taxes on higher-income taxpayers, is fairer, placing the greater burden on those better able to bear it. However, the present crazy quilt of tax deductions, exemptions, credits, and loopholes benefits primarily the high-income taxpayer, who is consequently able to reduce his or her effective tax rate, often to a level below that paid by the lower-income taxpayer. Therefore, ______ (A) higher-income taxpayers are likely to lend their support to the flat-tax proposal now being considered by Congress (B) a flat-tax system that allowed no deductions or exemptions would substantially increase actual government revenues (C) the lower-income taxpayer might well be penalized by the institution of a flat-tax system in this country (D) the progressive nature of our present tax system is more illusory than real（D） (E) the flat tax would actually be fairer to the lower-income taxpayer than any progressive tax system could be
My answer is b. But the given answer is d. Can anyone explain on what basis we can eliminate b and prefer d?? 2) As part of our program to halt the influx of illegal immigrants, the administration is proposing the creation of a national identity card. The card would be available only to U.S. citizens and to registered aliens, and all persons would be required to produce the card before they could be given a job. Of course, such a system holds the potential, however slight, for the abuse of civil liberties. Therefore, all personal information gathered through this system would be held strictly confidential, to be released only by authorized personnel under appropriate circumstances. Those who are in compliance with U.S. laws would have nothing to fear from the identity card system. In evaluating the above proposal, a person concerned about the misuse of confidential information would be most interested in having the author clarify the meaning of which of the following phrases? (A) "all persons" (line 5) (B) "however slight" (line 7) (C) "civil liberties" (line (D) "appropriate circumstances" (line 11)（D） (E) "U.S. laws" (line 2)
My option is b and the given one is D. Pls explain the flaw in choosing B.
3) As one who has always believed that truth is our nation's surest weapon in the propaganda war against our foes, I am distressed by reports of "disinformation" campaigns by American intelligence agents in Western Europe. In a disinformation campaign, untruths are disseminated through gullible local journalists in order to damage the interests of our enemies and protect our own. Those who defend this practice say that lying is necessary to counter Soviet disinformation campaigns aimed at damaging America's political interests. These apologists contend that one must fight fire with fire. I would point out to the apologists that the fire department finds water more effective. The author's main point is that (A) although disinformation campaigns may be effective, they are unacceptable on ethical grounds (B) America's moral standing in the world depends on its adherence to the truth (C) the temporary political gains produced by disinformation campaigns generally give way to long-term losses (D) Soviet disinformation campaigns have done little to damage America's standing in Europe（E） (E) disinformation campaigns do not effectively serve the political interests of the United States My answer is B which is wrong. 4) Are you still reading the other newspaper in town? Did you know that the Daily Bugle is owned by an out-of-town business syndicate that couldn't care less about the people of Gotham City? Read the Daily Clarion, the only real voice of the people of Gotham City! Which of the following most directly refutes the argument raised in the advertisement above? (A) Over half of the advertising revenues of the Daily Clarion come from firms whose headquarters are located outside of Gotham City. (B) The Daily Clarion usually devotes more of its pages to out-of-town news than does the Daily Bugle. (C) Nearly 40 percent of the readers of the Daily Clarion reside outside the limits of Gotham City. (D) The editor-in-chief and all the other members of the editorial staff of the Daily Bugle have lived and worked in Gotham City for ten years or more.（D） (E) The Daily Bugle has been published in Gotham City for a longer time than has the Daily Clarion. My answer is B which is wrong.
Please do reply with explanations as to where is the flaw in the reasoning.
Below is an excerpt from a letter that was sent by the chairman of a corporation to the stockholders. A number of charges have been raised against me, some serious, some trivial. Individuals seeking to control the corporation for their own purposes have demanded my resignation. Remember that no court of law in any state has found me guilty of any criminal offense whatsoever. In the American tradition, as you know, an individual is considered innocent until proven guilty. Furthermore, as the corporation's unbroken six-year record of growth will show, my conduct of my official duties as chairman has only helped enhance the success of the corporation, and so benefited every stockholder. Which of the following can be properly inferred from the excerpt? (A) The chairman believes that all those who have demanded his resignation are motivated by desire to control the corporation for their own purposes. (B) Any misdeeds that the chairman may have committed were motivated by his desire to enhance the success of the corporation. (C) The chairman is innocent of any criminal offense. (D) The corporation has expanded steadily over the past six years.（D） (E) Any legal proceedings against the chairman have resulted in his acquittal.
2) In the years since the city of London imposed strict air-pollution regulations on local industry, the number of bird species seen in and around London has increased dramatically. Similar air-pollution rules should be imposed in other major cities. Each of the following is an assumption made in the argument above EXCEPT: (A) In most major cities, air-pollution problems are caused almost entirely by local industry. (B) Air-pollution regulations on industry have a significant impact on the quality of the air. (C) The air-pollution problems of other major cities are basically similar to those once suffered by London. (D) An increase in the number of bird species in and around a city is desirable.（A） (E) The increased sightings of bird species in and around London reflect an actual increase in the number of species in the area.
3) The ancient city of Cephesa was not buried by an eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310, as some believe. The eruption in the year 310 damaged the city, but it did not destroy it. Cephesa survived for another century before it finally met its destruction in another eruption around A.D. 415. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the author's claim that the city of Cephesa was not buried by the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310? (A) The city of Cephesa is mentioned in a historical work known to have been written in A.D. 400. (B) Coins bearing the image of an emperor who lived around A.D. 410 have been discovered in the ruins of Cephesa, which were preserved by the cinders and ashes that buried the city. (C) Geological evidence shows that the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415 deposited a 10-foot-thick layer of lava on the city of Cephesa. (D) Artworks from the city of Cephesa have been found in the ruins of another city known to have been destroyed in A.D. 420.（B） (E) A historical work written in A.D. 430 refers to the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415.
4) As an experienced labor organizer and the former head of one of the nation's most powerful labor unions, Grayson is an excellent choice to chair the new council on business-labor relations. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion above? (A) The new council must have the support of the nation's labor leaders if it is to succeed. (B) During his years as a labor leader, Grayson established a record of good relations with business leaders. (C) The chair of the new council must be a person who can communicate directly with the leaders of the nation's largest labor unions. (D) Most of the other members of the new council will be representatives of business management interests.（E） (E) An understanding of the needs and problems of labor is the only qualification necessary for the job of chairing the new council
Below is an excerpt from a letter that was sent by the chairman of a corporation to the stockholders. A number of charges have been raised against me, some serious, some trivial. Individuals seeking to control the corporation for their own purposes have demanded my resignation. Remember that no court of law in any state has found me guilty of any criminal offense whatsoever. In the American tradition, as you know, an individual is considered innocent until proven guilty. Furthermore, as the corporations unbroken six-year record of growth will show, my conduct of my official duties as chairman has only helped enhance the success of the corporation, and so benefited every stockholder. Which of the following can be properly inferred from the excerpt? (A) The chairman believes that all those who have demanded his resignation are motivated by desire to control the corporation for their own purposes. (B) Any misdeeds that the chairman may have committed were motivated by his desire to enhance the success of the corporation. (C) The chairman is innocent of any criminal offense. (D) The corporation has expanded steadily over the past six years.（D） (E) Any legal proceedings against the chairman have resulted in his acquittal.
2) In the years since the city of London imposed strict air-pollution regulations on local industry, the number of bird species seen in and around London has increased dramatically. Similar air-pollution rules should be imposed in other major cities. Each of the following is an assumption made in the argument above EXCEPT: (A) In most major cities, air-pollution problems are caused almost entirely by local industry. (B) Air-pollution regulations on industry have a significant impact on the quality of the air. (C) The air-pollution problems of other major cities are basically similar to those once suffered by London. (D) An increase in the number of bird species in and around a city is desirable.（A） (E) The increased sightings of bird species in and around London reflect an actual increase in the number of species in the area.
3) The ancient city of Cephesa was not buried by an eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310, as some believe. The eruption in the year 310 damaged the city, but it did not destroy it. Cephesa survived for another century before it finally met its destruction in another eruption around A.D. 415. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the authors claim that the city of Cephesa was not buried by the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310? (A) The city of Cephesa is mentioned in a historical work known to have been written in A.D. 400. (B) Coins bearing the image of an emperor who lived around A.D. 410 have been discovered in the ruins of Cephesa, which were preserved by the cinders and ashes that buried the city. (C) Geological evidence shows that the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415 deposited a 10-foot-thick layer of lava on the city of Cephesa. (D) Artworks from the city of Cephesa have been found in the ruins of another city known to have been destroyed in A.D. 420.（B） (E) A historical work written in A.D. 430 refers to the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415.
4) As an experienced labor organizer and the former head of one of the nations most powerful labor unions, Grayson is an excellent choice to chair the new council on business-labor relations. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion above? (A) The new council must have the support of the nations labor leaders if it is to succeed. (B) During his years as a labor leader, Grayson established a record of good relations with business leaders. (C) The chair of the new council must be a person who can communicate directly with the leaders of the nations largest labor unions. (D) Most of the other members of the new council will be representatives of business management interests.（E） (E) An understanding of the needs and problems of labor is the only qualification necessary for the job of chairing the new council Please help me with these.. Thanks
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, Here one must try to figure out same attitude in different scenerios. Just for the sake of defending it in ones deed in both argument someone is following the inertia part
, which is unusual and not required to be defended. Hence in my opinion Answer must be option-A, which has same similarity as the original argument and shows same inference which none other options show.:D