1) A The author is stating that Johnson has 'also' edited Dickinson's work!!
2) C or maybe E??
3) C or B...
OA's pls?
Q5. Johnson is on firm ground when he asserts that the early editors of Dickinsons poetry often distorted her intentions. Yet Johnsons own, more faithful, text is still guilty of its own forms of distortion. To standardize Dickinsons often indecipherable handwritten punctuation by the use of the dash is to render permanent a casual mode of poetic phrasing that Dickinson surely never expected to see in print. It implies that Dickinson chose the dash as her typical mark of punctuation when, in fact, she apparently never made any definitive choice at all. Which of the following best summarizes the authors main point? (A) Although Johnson is right in criticizing Dickinsons early editors for their distortion of her work, his own text is guilty of equally serious distortions. (B) Johnsons use of the dash in his text of Dickinsons poetry misleads readers about the poets intentions. (C) Because Dickinson never expected her poetry to be published, virtually any attempt at editing it must run counter to her intentions. (D) Although Johnsons attempt to produce a more faithful text of Dickinsons poetry is well-meaning, his study of the material lacks sufficient thoroughness (E) Dickinsons editors, including Johnson, have failed to deal adequately with the problem of deciphering Dickinsons handwritten manuscripts. Q17. With Proposition 13, if you bought your house 11 years ago for $75,000, your property tax would be approximately $914 a year (1 percent of $75,000 increased by 2 percent each year for 11 years); and if your neighbor bought an identical house next door to you for $200,000 this year, his tax would be $2,000 (1 percent of $200,000). Without Proposition 13, both you and your neighbor would pay $6,000 a year in property taxes (3 percent of $200,000). Which of the following is the conclusion for which the author most likely is arguing in the passage above? (A) Proposition 13 is unconstitutional because it imposes an unequal tax on properties of equal value. (B) If Proposition 13 is repealed, every homeowner is likely to experience a substantial increase in property taxes. (C) By preventing inflation from driving up property values, Proposition 13 has saved homeowners thousands of dollars in property taxes. (D) If Proposition 13 is not repealed, identical properties will continue to be taxed at different rates. (E) Proposition 13 has benefited some homeowners more than others.
Q19. The U.S. census is not perfect: thousands of Americans probably go uncounted. However, the basic statistical portrait of the nation painted by the census is accurate. Certainly some of the poor go uncounted, particularly the homeless; but some of the rich go uncounted as well, because they are often abroad or traveling between one residence and another. Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument above depends? (A) Both the rich and the poor have personal and economic reasons to avoid being counted by the census. (B) All Americans may reasonably be classified as either poor or rich. (C) The percentage of poor Americans uncounted by the census is close to the percentage of rich Americans uncounted. (D) The number of homeless Americans is approximately equal to the number of rich Americans. (E) The primary purpose of the census is to analyze the economic status of the American population.
Q5. Johnson is on firm ground when he asserts that the early editors of Dickinsons poetry often distorted her intentions. Yet Johnsons own, more faithful, text is still guilty of its own forms of distortion. To standardize Dickinsons often indecipherable handwritten punctuation by the use of the dash is to render permanent a casual mode of poetic phrasing that Dickinson surely never expected to see in print. It implies that Dickinson chose the dash as her typical mark of punctuation when, in fact, she apparently never made any definitive choice at all. Which of the following best summarizes the authors main point? (A) Although Johnson is right in criticizing Dickinsons early editors for their distortion of her work, his own text is guilty of equally serious distortions. (B) Johnsons use of the dash in his text of Dickinsons poetry misleads readers about the poets intentions. (C) Because Dickinson never expected her poetry to be published, virtually any attempt at editing it must run counter to her intentions. (D) Although Johnsons attempt to produce a more faithful text of Dickinsons poetry is well-meaning, his study of the material lacks sufficient thoroughness (E) Dickinsons editors, including Johnson, have failed to deal adequately with the problem of deciphering Dickinsons handwritten manuscripts. Q17. With Proposition 13, if you bought your house 11 years ago for $75,000, your property tax would be approximately $914 a year (1 percent of $75,000 increased by 2 percent each year for 11 years); and if your neighbor bought an identical house next door to you for $200,000 this year, his tax would be $2,000 (1 percent of $200,000). Without Proposition 13, both you and your neighbor would pay $6,000 a year in property taxes (3 percent of $200,000). Which of the following is the conclusion for which the author most likely is arguing in the passage above? (A) Proposition 13 is unconstitutional because it imposes an unequal tax on properties of equal value. (B) If Proposition 13 is repealed, every homeowner is likely to experience a substantial increase in property taxes. (C) By preventing inflation from driving up property values, Proposition 13 has saved homeowners thousands of dollars in property taxes. (D) If Proposition 13 is not repealed, identical properties will continue to be taxed at different rates. (E) Proposition 13 has benefited some homeowners more than others.
Q19. The U.S. census is not perfect: thousands of Americans probably go uncounted. However, the basic statistical portrait of the nation painted by the census is accurate. Certainly some of the poor go uncounted, particularly the homeless; but some of the rich go uncounted as well, because they are often abroad or traveling between one residence and another. Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument above depends? (A) Both the rich and the poor have personal and economic reasons to avoid being counted by the census. (B) All Americans may reasonably be classified as either poor or rich. (C) The percentage of poor Americans uncounted by the census is close to the percentage of rich Americans uncounted. (D) The number of homeless Americans is approximately equal to the number of rich Americans. (E) The primary purpose of the census is to analyze the economic status of the American population.
my answers :
5. B. By using dash he is also a culprit in distorting Dickinson's poetry.
17. This one is a toughie....will have to do calculations.
19. It was just solved ....by Amsey in this page or previous page.
Please provide ur reasonings. 6. The ancient city of Cephesa was not buried by an eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310, as some believe. The eruption in the year 310 damaged the city, but it did not destroy it. Cephesa survived for another century before it finally met its destruction in another eruption around A.D. 415. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the author's claim that the city of Cephesa was not buried by the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310? (A) The city of Cephesa is mentioned in a historical work known to have been written in A.D. 400. (B) Coins bearing the image of an emperor who lived around A.D. 410 have been discovered in the ruins of Cephesa, which were preserved by the cinders and ashes that buried the city. (C) Geological evidence shows that the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415 deposited a 10-foot-thick layer of lava on the city of Cephesa. (D) Artworks from the city of Cephesa have been found in the ruins of another city known to have been destroyed in A.D. 420 (E) A historical work written in A.D. 430 refers to the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415.
Please provide ur reasonings 13. No nation can long survive unless its people are united by a common tongue. For proof, we need only consider Canada, which is being torn asunder by conflicts between French-speaking Quebec and the other provinces, which are dominated by English speakers. Which of the following, if true, most effectively challenges the author's conclusion? (A) Conflicts over language have led to violent clashes between the Basque-speaking minority in Spain and the Spanish-speaking majority. (B) Proposals to declare English the official language of the United States have met with resistance from members of Hispanic and other minority groups. (C) Economic and political differences, along with linguistic ones, have contributed to the provincial conflicts in Canada. (D) The public of India, in existence sine 1948, has a population that speaks hundreds of different, though related, languages (E) Switzerland has survived for nearly a thousand years as a home for speakers of three different languages.
14. As an experienced labor organizer and the former head of one of the nation's most powerful labor unions, Grayson is an excellent choice to chair the new council on business-labor relations. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion above? (A) The new council must have the support of the nation's labor leaders if it is to succeed. (B) During his years as a labor leader, Grayson established a record of good relations with business leaders. (C) The chair of the new council must be a person who can communicate directly with the leaders of the nation's largest labor unions. (D) Most of the other members of the new council will be representatives of business management interests. (E) An understanding of the needs and problems of labor is the only qualification necessary for the job of chairing the new council.
If the proof itself is flawed, the conclusion drawn by the author falls apart. If there are reasons other than language causing the dispute in Canada, then proof gets falwed. Plz find my reasoning in red for relatively close options.
Please provide ur reasonings 13. No nation can long survive unless its people are united by a common tongue. For proof, we need only consider Canada, which is being torn asunder by conflicts between French-speaking Quebec and the other provinces, which are dominated by English speakers. Which of the following, if true, most effectively challenges the authors conclusion? (A) Conflicts over language have led to violent clashes between the Basque-speaking minority in Spain and the Spanish-speaking majority. (B) Proposals to declare English the official language of the United States have met with resistance from members of Hispanic and other minority groups. (C) Economic and political differences, along with linguistic ones, have contributed to the provincial conflicts in Canada. (D) The public of India, in existence sine 1948, has a population that speaks hundreds of different, though related, languages 2 reasons to ignore this option. It says different though related. second, is 60 years of survival enough to be deemed "long" in author's term?
(E) Switzerland has survived for nearly a thousand years as a home for speakers of three different languages. better option than D, but what's the proportion of people speaking these languages? Possibly only one language is predominant.
14. As an experienced labor organizer and the former head of one of the nations most powerful labor unions, Grayson is an excellent choice to chair the new council on business-labor relations. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion above? (A) The new council must have the support of the nations labor leaders if it is to succeed. Who says G will have the support of labor leaders (B) During his years as a labor leader, Grayson established a record of good relations with business leaders. Those relations may not be applicable now (C) The chair of the new council must be a person who can communicate directly with the leaders of the nations largest labor unions. Nothing mentioned about the communication ability of G. Besides, a good communication is always bidirectional. (D) Most of the other members of the new council will be representatives of business management interests. (E) An understanding of the needs and problems of labor is the only qualification necessary for the job of chairing the new council. G has been called as an "experienced labor organizer". If the requirement is only as E mentions, G is a good choice.
Please provide ur reasonings. 6. The ancient city of Cephesa was not buried by an eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310, as some believe. The eruption in the year 310 damaged the city, but it did not destroy it. Cephesa survived for another century before it finally met its destruction in another eruption around A.D. 415. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the authors claim that the city of Cephesa was not buried by the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310? (A) The city of Cephesa is mentioned in a historical work known to have been written in A.D. 400. easily ignored. (B) Coins bearing the image of an emperor who lived around A.D. 410 have been discovered in the ruins of Cephesa, which were preserved by the cinders and ashes that buried the city. (C) Geological evidence shows that the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415 deposited a 10-foot-thick layer of lava on the city of Cephesa. May be the city indeed was destroyed in 310 and this eruption in AD 415 further damaged it. ignored. (D) Artworks from the city of Cephesa have been found in the ruins of another city known to have been destroyed in A.D. 420 May be these artworks were transported long back to another city. (E) A historical work written in A.D. 430 refers to the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415. Doesnt mean it destroyed the city.
Please provide ur reasonings. 6. The ancient city of Cephesa was not buried by an eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310, as some believe. The eruption in the year 310 damaged the city, but it did not destroy it. Cephesa survived for another century before it finally met its destruction in another eruption around A.D. 415. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the authors claim that the city of Cephesa was not buried by the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 310? (A) The city of Cephesa is mentioned in a historical work known to have been written in A.D. 400. -> historical work can be written even after the city is destroyed. (B) Coins bearing the image of an emperor who lived around A.D. 410 have been discovered in the ruins of Cephesa, which were preserved by the cinders and ashes that buried the city. -> hold on to this option...this one rightly mentions that the city of Cephesa existed till AD 410. (C) Geological evidence shows that the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415 deposited a 10-foot-thick layer of lava on the city of Cephesa. -> may be the eruption in AD 310 would have deposited 20 foot thick layer & gradually...weathering would have left it 10 foot thick in AD 415. (D) Artworks from the city of Cephesa have been found in the ruins of another city known to have been destroyed in A.D. 420 ->we dont know when were the artworks created.before AD 310? (E) A historical work written in A.D. 430 refers to the eruption of Mt. Amnos in A.D. 415. ->So?City could have been destroyed in AD 310.
this particular question wants us to show that the city of Cephesa was not destroyed in AD 310 but in AD 415.
Eliminating the option on by one... just the second option is left.
Please provide ur reasonings 13. No nation can long survive unless its people are united by a common tongue. For proof, we need only consider Canada, which is being torn asunder by conflicts between French-speaking Quebec and the other provinces, which are dominated by English speakers. Which of the following, if true, most effectively challenges the authors conclusion? (A) Conflicts over language have led to violent clashes between the Basque-speaking minority in Spain and the Spanish-speaking majority. -> this one supports the author's argument.Hence,leave it. (B) Proposals to declare English the official language of the United States have met with resistance from members of Hispanic and other minority groups. -> same as A (C) Economic and political differences, along with linguistic ones, have contributed to the provincial conflicts in Canada. -> this gives other reasons for conflict in canada ..however,mentions that ...linguistic reasons was also there (D) The public of India, in existence sine 1948, has a population that speaks hundreds of different, though related, languages -> related language... :( (E) Switzerland has survived for nearly a thousand years as a home for speakers of three different languages. -> this one is best.it states that even though the Swiss people speak different languages,the country has survived for 1000 ( nearly ) years.
My take E.... the author contends that if the people of a nation are not linguistically related/united...the nation is bound to face the problem ( at the sam time giving canada as an example ).
all we need is to show that a nation can exist for years...without a commmon language.lets go thru all the options ..
14. As an experienced labor organizer and the former head of one of the nations most powerful labor unions, Grayson is an excellent choice to chair the new council on business-labor relations. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion above? (A) The new council must have the support of the nations labor leaders if it is to succeed. ->it does not help the cause as we can not deduce from this that Grayson will be the best choice.. (B) During his years as a labor leader, Grayson established a record of good relations with business leaders. ->what about the labor class? ...its a one sided argument... :( (C) The chair of the new council must be a person who can communicate directly with the leaders of the nations largest labor unions. ->If given a chance others will do better than Mr.Grayson? nothing from this statement. (D) Most of the other members of the new council will be representatives of business management interests. ->This is the one! it states that other people are unsuitable for the position as they serve interests of specific people. (E) An understanding of the needs and problems of labor is the only qualification necessary for the job of chairing the new council. -> Is that other people are novices? :)
Here, we need to establish that Grayson is the most app leader..looking at the option one by one.
14. As an experienced labor organizer and the former head of one of the nations most powerful labor unions, Grayson is an excellent choice to chair the new council on business-labor relations. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion above? (A) The new council must have the support of the nations labor leaders if it is to succeed.Only support of labor is incorrect (B) During his years as a labor leader, Grayson established a record of good relations with business leaders.Contacts only are insufficient criteria. (C) The chair of the new council must be a person who can communicate directly with the leaders of the nations largest labor unions.Outright wrong. (D) Most of the other members of the new council will be representatives of business management interests.Same as Option-A, in place of labor support its business interests. (E) An understanding of the needs and problems of labor is the only qualification necessary for the job of chairing the new council.This is the basic criteria, Hence correct.
Liberals favor freedom of the press, and some judges favor freedom of the press. Therefore, some judges are liberals. Which of the following arguments most closely parallels the reasoning used in the argument above?
A) All dogs have fur, and all dogs are mammals. Therefore, some mammals have fur.
B) All mammals have fur, and all dogs are mammals. Therefore, all dogs have fur.
C) All dogs are mammals, and some mammals have fur. Therefore, some dogs have fur.
D) All dogs have fur, and some mammals have fur. Therefore, some mammals are dogs.
E) All dogs are mammals, and some dogs have fur. Therefore, some mammals have fur.
Liberals favor freedom of the press, and some judges favor freedom of the press. Therefore, some judges are liberals. Which of the following arguments most closely parallels the reasoning used in the argument above?
A) All dogs have fur, and all dogs are mammals. Therefore, some mammals have fur.
B) All mammals have fur, and all dogs are mammals. Therefore, all dogs have fur.
C) All dogs are mammals, and some mammals have fur. Therefore, some dogs have fur.
D) All dogs have fur, and some mammals have fur. Therefore, some mammals are dogs.
E) All dogs are mammals, and some dogs have fur. Therefore, some mammals have fur.
Liberals favor freedom of the press, and some judges favor freedom of the press. Therefore, some judges are liberals. Which of the following arguments most closely parallels the reasoning used in the argument above?
A) All dogs have fur, and all dogs are mammals. Therefore, some mammals have fur.
B) All mammals have fur, and all dogs are mammals. Therefore, all dogs have fur.
C) All dogs are mammals, and some mammals have fur. Therefore, some dogs have fur.
D) All dogs have fur, and some mammals have fur. Therefore, some mammals are dogs. Libarals like freedom, Judge like freedm, therefore Judge are liberal
E) All dogs are mammals, and some dogs have fur. Therefore, some mammals have fur.
Men have an easy time deciding how to dress on Casual Fridays because all they have to do is choose khakis over dress slacks and leave off the tie they would wear during the week. Women, on the other hand, have a much more difficult time determining what is casual but not too casual. Casual Friday should, therefore, be cancelled because it presents more difficulties for women than for men. Which of the following is most like the argument above in logical structure? Women on a road construction crew are frequently assigned non-labor intensive jobs such as holding traffic signs. This is sexual discrimination and should be stopped. Members of a country club are given first choice of tee times on the golf course. Members of the public who would like to play the course should also be given this treatment. Users of an open-source software program wishing to access to online technical support must submit personal information in order to register. Access to technical support should not require registration, as this is unfair to users wishing to remain anonymous. Full-time employees spend more hours in the office than part-time employees and have greater access to the sign-up sheet for Christmas vacation time. Because this is unfair, no employees will be given extra vacation time during Christmas.
Men have an easy time deciding how to dress on Casual Fridays because all they have to do is choose khakis over dress slacks and leave off the tie they would wear during the week. Women, on the other hand, have a much more difficult time determining what is casual but not too casual. Casual Friday should, therefore, be cancelled because it presents more difficulties for women than for men. Which of the following is most like the argument above in logical structure? Women on a road construction crew are frequently assigned non-labor intensive jobs such as holding traffic signs. This is sexual discrimination and should be stopped. Members of a country club are given first choice of tee times on the golf course. Members of the public who would like to play the course should also be given this treatment. Users of an open-source software program wishing to access to online technical support must submit personal information in order to register. Access to technical support should not require registration, as this is unfair to users wishing to remain anonymous. Full-time employees spend more hours in the office than part-time employees and have greater access to the sign-up sheet for Christmas vacation time. Because this is unfair, no employees will be given extra vacation time during Christmas.
My take 😞 however not that sure )
Full-time employees spend more hours in the office than part-time employees and have greater access to the sign-up sheet for Christmas vacation time. Because this is unfair, no employees will be given extra vacation time during Christmas.
Men have an easy time deciding how to dress on Casual Fridays because all they have to do is choose khakis over dress slacks and leave off the tie they would wear during the week. Women, on the other hand, have a much more difficult time determining what is casual but not too casual. Casual Friday should, therefore, be cancelled because it presents more difficulties for women than for men.
Which of the following is most like the argument above in logical structure?
Women on a road construction crew are frequently assigned non-labor intensive jobs such as holding traffic signs. This is sexual discrimination and should be stopped. Members of a country club are given first choice of tee times on the golf course. Members of the public who would like to play the course should also be given this treatment. Users of an open-source software program wishing to access to online technical support must submit personal information in order to register. Access to technical support should not require registration, as this is unfair to users wishing to remain anonymous. Full-time employees spend more hours in the office than part-time employees and have greater access to the sign-up sheet for Christmas vacation time. Because this is unfair, no employees will be given extra vacation time during Christmas. The stimulus has a comparison bet 2 parties- men & women...and talks about doing away with a rule . As in this option!!!
