I wrote some non sense explanation. Is there no option to delete a post!!
Pavi,
You response is right but couple of things which struck my mind:
1. We have to find the option which does NOT support the interpretation.
"an option which counter the objection to the interpretation EXCEPT"
2. E says that many Germans make duplicate copies legally and they are counted as purchased. Not that they are counted as illegal.
This option adds to the fact that survey is correct and thus supports the conclusion. Because it supports the conclusion, we can ignore it.
Do let me know if I am mistaken.
if u read the ques stem carefully u are supposed to negate the negation of de argument or rather strengthen de argument dat "the practice of illegally duplicating commercial computer programs is widespread among Germans."
if u look at E it says "Many Germans legally make duplicates of commercial computer programs" and these are also counted under illegal.. so dat means in effect d actual number of illegal programs is actually lesser which weakens are main argument. Ergo d reasoning..
Ok. I am trying to explain.
Argument is recommending Novex as the best painkiller on the fact that 75% of the hospitals give their patients Novex. Because it's used my most hopitals, Novex must be the most effective pain killer.
The best way to undermine an argument is to break the fact on which the argument depends. If we could prove that hospitals prefer Novex because of any factor other than its effectiveness, we will be able to undermine the argument.
C does not talk about competitor's price but what it does say is that Novex's manufacturers may have increased the sale of Novex to hospitals. Irrespective of what other drugs' prices are, we can infer from D that many hospitals have Novex. Obviously these hospitals will use Novex as opposed to other drugs because they have Novex. Thus we can say that it's the marketting of Novex , not its effectiveness which makes this drug popular.
Lets look at D now:
It says it is easily available OTC. But the argument totally depends on wide use of Novex by hospitals. What happens outside these hospitals will do little to support/damage this argument.
HTH.
I beg to differ
Option C states that the price was lowered as much as the manufacturer can, but does not give any evidence that this price was lower than its competitor's price. therefore one cannot conclude to say that Novex was cheaper to acquire . therefore cannot be.
while D states that it is easy to acquire.. cuz its and OTC drug. and therefore less paperwork and more usage.
1) I agree... we have to find the EXCEPT statement which is indeed d one which weakens the "INTERPRETATION" and not the survey..
2) E jus strengthens d interpretaion: d actual number of purchased was even less hence more duplication..
reasoning correct.. wording wrong.. thx
Pavi,
You response is right but couple of things which struck my mind:
1. We have to find the option which does NOT support the interpretation.
"an option which counter the objection to the interpretation EXCEPT"
2. E says that many Germans make duplicate copies legally and they are counted as purchased. Not that they are counted as illegal.
This option adds to the fact that survey is correct and thus supports the conclusion. Because it supports the conclusion, we can ignore it.
Do let me know if I am mistaken.
OAs:
1. D
2. C
1. Doctor: Research shows that adolescents who play video games on a regular basis are three times as likely to develop carpal tunnel syndrome as are adolescents who do not play video games. Federal legislation that prohibits the sale of video games to minors would help curb this painful wrist condition among adolescents.
The doctors conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions?
a. The majority of federal legislators would vote for a bill that prohibits the sale of video games to minors.
b. Not all adolescents who play video games on a regular basis suffer from carpal tunnel syndrome.
c. Playing video games is the only way an adolescent can develop carpal tunnel syndrome.
d. Most parents would refuse to purchase video games for their adolescent children.
e. The regular playing of video games by adolescents does not produce such beneficial effects as better hand-eye coordination and improved reaction time.
2. On Monday, Daisys Lemonade Stand sold lemonade at 20 cents per cup. The Lemon Shack sold lemonade at 30 cents per cup. At the end of the day, Daisys Lemonade Stand and the Lemon Shack reported identical revenues and identical profits.
The statements above best support which of the following assertions?
a. On Monday, Daisys Lemonade Stand sold fewer cups of lemonade than did the Lemon Shack.
b. The Lemon Shack sells higher quality lemonade than does Daisys Lemonade Stand.
c. On Monday, Daisys Lemonade Stand and the Lemon Shack incurred identical costs to run their businesses.
d. In general, lemonade consumers prefer the lemonade at Daisys Lemonade Stand to the Lemonade at the Lemon Shack.
e. The Lemon Shack would not increase its revenues by lowering its prices.
The average hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland has long been significantly
lower than that in neighboring Borodia. Since Borodia dropped all tariffs on Vernlandian
televisions three years ago, the number of televisions sold annually in Borodia has not
changed. However, recent statistics show a droip in the number of television assemblers
in Borodia. Therefore, updated trade statistics will probably indicate that the number of
televisions Borodia imports annually from Vernland has increased.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. The number of television assemblers in Vernland has increased by at least as
much as the number of television assemblers in Borodia has decreased.
B. Televisions assembled in Vernland have features that televisions assembled in
Borodia do not have.
C. The average number of hours it takes a Borodian television assembler to assemble
a television has not decreased significantly during the past three years.
D. The number of televisions assembled annually in Vernland has increased
significantly during the past three years.
E. The difference between the hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland and
the hourly wage of television assemblers in Borodia is likely to decrease in the
next few years.
lower than that in neighboring Borodia. Since Borodia dropped all tariffs on Vernlandian
televisions three years ago, the number of televisions sold annually in Borodia has not
changed. However, recent statistics show a droip in the number of television assemblers
in Borodia. Therefore, updated trade statistics will probably indicate that the number of
televisions Borodia imports annually from Vernland has increased.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. The number of television assemblers in Vernland has increased by at least as
much as the number of television assemblers in Borodia has decreased.
B. Televisions assembled in Vernland have features that televisions assembled in
Borodia do not have.
C. The average number of hours it takes a Borodian television assembler to assemble
a television has not decreased significantly during the past three years.
D. The number of televisions assembled annually in Vernland has increased
significantly during the past three years.
E. The difference between the hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland and
the hourly wage of television assemblers in Borodia is likely to decrease in the
next few years.
IMO C.
The key assumption here is that the amount of manufacturing tv has decreased in last 3 years because of
decrease in number of assemblers in
Borodian. This will not hold good if productivity of assemblers in borodian increased in last 3 years.
The average hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland has long been significantly
lower than that in neighboring Borodia. Since Borodia dropped all tariffs on Vernlandian
televisions three years ago, the number of televisions sold annually in Borodia has not
changed. However, recent statistics show a droip in the number of television assemblers
in Borodia. Therefore, updated trade statistics will probably indicate that the number of
televisions Borodia imports annually from Vernland has increased.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. The number of television assemblers in Vernland has increased by at least as
much as the number of television assemblers in Borodia has decreased.
B. Televisions assembled in Vernland have features that televisions assembled in
Borodia do not have.
C. The average number of hours it takes a Borodian television assembler to assemble
a television has not decreased significantly during the past three years.
D. The number of televisions assembled annually in Vernland has increased
significantly during the past three years.
E. The difference between the hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland and
the hourly wage of television assemblers in Borodia is likely to decrease in the
next few years.
The average hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland has long been significantly
lower than that in neighboring Borodia. Since Borodia dropped all tariffs on Vernlandian
televisions three years ago, the number of televisions sold annually in Borodia has not
changed. However, recent statistics show a droip in the number of television assemblers
in Borodia. Therefore, updated trade statistics will probably indicate that the number of
televisions Borodia imports annually from Vernland has increased.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. The number of television assemblers in Vernland has increased by at least as
much as the number of television assemblers in Borodia has decreased.
B. Televisions assembled in Vernland have features that televisions assembled in
Borodia do not have.
C. The average number of hours it takes a Borodian television assembler to assemble
a television has not decreased significantly during the past three years.
D. The number of televisions assembled annually in Vernland has increased
significantly during the past three years.
E. The difference between the hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland and
the hourly wage of television assemblers in Borodia is likely to decrease in the
next few years.
IMO: C
A - Number of assemblers increase does not mean much here.
B - Better features need not translate to better suited TVs for Borodia
C - Well suited because, if the hours of Borodian assemblers has not decreased significantly, then they will be making fewer TVs,as the number of assemblers have. Therefore, they have to import.
D- Does not mean they have to export to Borodia, suddenly now.
E- Hourly wage is irrelevant, as we are more concern about the throughput of the number of TVs in Borodia.
WELL.. the OA is indeed option C, but I still fail to understand how did you find a clue to do this quantititive analysis of argument..??.. :banghead:
IMO C.
The key assumption here is that the amount of manufacturing tv has decreased in last 3 years because of
decrease in number of assemblers in
Borodian. This will not hold good if productivity of assemblers in borodian increased in last 3 years.
IMO: C
A - Number of assemblers increase does not mean much here.
B - Better features need not translate to better suited TVs for Borodia
C - Well suited because, if the hours of Borodian assemblers has not decreased significantly, then they will be making fewer TVs,as the number of assemblers have. Therefore, they have to import.
D- Does not mean they have to export to Borodia, suddenly now.
E- Hourly wage is irrelevant, as we are more concern about the throughput of the number of TVs in Borodia.
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
Although the pesticide TDX has been widely used by fruit growers since the early
1960's, a regulation in force since 1960 has prohibited sale of fruit on which any TDX
residue can be detected. That regulation is about to be replaced by one that allows sale of
fruit on which trace amounts of TDX residue are detected. In fact, however, the change
will not allow more TDX on fruit than was allowed in the 1960's, because ______.
A. pre-1970 techniques for detecting TDX residue could detect it only when it was
present on fruit in more than the trace amounts allowed by the new regulations
B. many more people today than in the 1960's habitually purchase and eat fruit
without making an effort to clean residues off the fruit
C. people today do not individually consume any more pieces of fruit, on average,
than did the people in the 1960's
D. at least a small fraction of the fruit sold each year since the early 1960's has had
on it greater levels of TDX than the regulation allows
E. the presence of TDX on fruit in greater than trace amounts has not been shown to
cause any harm even to children who eat large amounts of fruit
Although the pesticide TDX has been widely used by fruit growers since the early
1960's, a regulation in force since 1960 has prohibited sale of fruit on which any TDX
residue can be detected. That regulation is about to be replaced by one that allows sale of
fruit on which trace amounts of TDX residue are detected. In fact, however, the change
will not allow more TDX on fruit than was allowed in the 1960's, because ______.
A. pre-1970 techniques for detecting TDX residue could detect it only when it was
present on fruit in more than the trace amounts allowed by the new regulations
B. many more people today than in the 1960's habitually purchase and eat fruit
without making an effort to clean residues off the fruit
C. people today do not individually consume any more pieces of fruit, on average,
than did the people in the 1960's
D. at least a small fraction of the fruit sold each year since the early 1960's has had
on it greater levels of TDX than the regulation allows
E. the presence of TDX on fruit in greater than trace amounts has not been shown to
cause any harm even to children who eat large amounts of fruit
I will go with option A for the above CR
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
Although the pesticide TDX has been widely used by fruit growers since the early
1960s, a regulation in force since 1960 has prohibited sale of fruit on which any TDX
residue can be detected. That regulation is about to be replaced by one that allows sale of
fruit on which trace amounts of TDX residue are detected. In fact, however, the change
will not allow more TDX on fruit than was allowed in the 1960s, because ______.
Argument : Sale of fruits that had traces of TDX has been prohibited in 1960s
Now - fruits with traces of TDX can be sold
Conclusion : this will not allow more TDX than before..
A. pre-1970 techniques for detecting TDX residue could detect it only when it was
present on fruit in more than the trace amounts allowed by the new regulations
B. many more people today than in the 1960s habitually purchase and eat fruit without making an effort to clean residues off the fruit
there is no mention of what people eat /purchase
C. people today do not individually consume any more pieces of fruit, on average, than did the people in the 1960s
but the conclu is that the fruits will not have more TDX.. doesn't matter how much ppl eat
D. at least a small fraction of the fruit sold each year since the early 1960s has had
on it greater levels of TDX than the regulation allows
the stem is about fruits in general not a fraction
E. the presence of TDX on fruit in greater than trace amounts has not been shown tocause any harm even to children who eat large amounts of fruit
again out of scope..
IMO - A.. wats OA?
The average hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland has long been significantly
lower than that in neighboring Borodia. Since Borodia dropped all tariffs on Vernlandian
televisions three years ago, the number of televisions sold annually in Borodia has not
changed. However, recent statistics show a droip in the number of television assemblers
in Borodia. Therefore, updated trade statistics will probably indicate that the number of
televisions Borodia imports annually from Vernland has increased.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. The number of television assemblers in Vernland has increased by at least as
much as the number of television assemblers in Borodia has decreased.
B. Televisions assembled in Vernland have features that televisions assembled in
Borodia do not have.
C. The average number of hours it takes a Borodian television assembler to assemble
a television has not decreased significantly during the past three years.
D. The number of televisions assembled annually in Vernland has increased
significantly during the past three years.
E. The difference between the hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland and
the hourly wage of television assemblers in Borodia is likely to decrease in the
next few years.
I'll go with C
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
Although the pesticide TDX has been widely used by fruit growers since the early
1960s, a regulation in force since 1960 has prohibited sale of fruit on which any TDX
residue can be detected. That regulation is about to be replaced by one that allows sale of
fruit on which trace amounts of TDX residue are detected. In fact, however, the change
will not allow more TDX on fruit than was allowed in the 1960s, because ______.
A. pre-1970 techniques for detecting TDX residue could detect it only when it was
present on fruit in more than the trace amounts allowed by the new regulations
B. many more people today than in the 1960s habitually purchase and eat fruit
without making an effort to clean residues off the fruit
C. people today do not individually consume any more pieces of fruit, on average,
than did the people in the 1960s
D. at least a small fraction of the fruit sold each year since the early 1960s has had
on it greater levels of TDX than the regulation allows
E. the presence of TDX on fruit in greater than trace amounts has not been shown to
cause any harm even to children who eat large amounts of fruit
Will go with A
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
Although the pesticide TDX has been widely used by fruit growers since the early
1960s, a regulation in force since 1960 has prohibited sale of fruit on which any TDX
residue can be detected. That regulation is about to be replaced by one that allows sale of
fruit on which trace amounts of TDX residue are detected. In fact, however, the change
will not allow more TDX on fruit than was allowed in the 1960s, because ______.
A. pre-1970 techniques for detecting TDX residue could detect it only when it was
present on fruit in more than the trace amounts allowed by the new regulations
B. many more people today than in the 1960s habitually purchase and eat fruit
without making an effort to clean residues off the fruit
C. people today do not individually consume any more pieces of fruit, on average,
than did the people in the 1960s
D. at least a small fraction of the fruit sold each year since the early 1960s has had
on it greater levels of TDX than the regulation allows
E. the presence of TDX on fruit in greater than trace amounts has not been shown to
cause any harm even to children who eat large amounts of fruit
I would go with A
1. The president of a consulting firm analyzed the decisions made about marketing by her clients and concluded that the decisions were correct only about half of the time.
The conclusion above depends on the presupposition that
(A) companies can be successful even when about half of the decisions they make about marketing prove to be wrong
(B) companies hiring her consulting firm make no more incorrect marketing decisions than do companies in general
(C) executives consistently making correct marketing decisions rarely enlist the aid of a consulting firm
(D) marketing decision are just as likely to be correct as they are to be incorrect
(E) it is possible to classify a marketing decision properly as being either right or wrong
2. A violin constructed to have improved sound would sound different from the best-sounding existing violins.
To professional violinists, a violin that sounds different from the best-sounding existing violins sounds less like a violin and therefore worse than the best-sounding existing violins.
Professional violinists are the only accepted judges of the sound quality of violins.
Would be the best supported by those statements?
(A) Only amateur violinists should be asked to judge the sound quality of newly constructed violins.
(B) Professional violinists supervise the construction of violins.
(C) The best-sounding existing violins have been in existence fro several centuries.
(D) It is currently impossible to construct a violin that the only accepted judges will evaluate as having improved sound.
(E) It is possible to construct a violin that sounds better than the best-sounding existing violins to everyone but professional violinists.
3.When people predict that certain result will not take place unless a certain action is taken, they believe that they have learned that the prediction is correct when the action is taken and the result occurs. On reflection, however, it often becomes clear that the result admits of more than one interpretation.
Which of the following, if true, best supports the claims above?
(A) Judging the success of an action requires specifying the goal of the action.
(B) Judging which action to take after a prediction is made requires knowing about other actions that have been successful in similar past situations.
(C) Learning whether a certain predictive strategy is good requires knowing the result using that strategy through several trials.
(D) Distinguishing a correct prediction and effective action from an incorrect prediction and ineffective action is often impossible.
(E) Making a successful prediction requires knowing the facts about the context of that prediction.
Puys.. des r from 1000CR.. need sm expln..
I dont get this problem properly. going by instinct, I will pick D.
In 1960s, there was no TDX allowed at all. New regulation allows a trace of it. Why so? has trace amount been found harmless? There is no such evidence in given options.
I am picking D, because it says , even though we had a regulation which didnt allow any TDX, there was a fraction of fruits sold which has TDX on it. Any further increase in allowable limit will trigger more use of TDX.
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
Although the pesticide TDX has been widely used by fruit growers since the early
1960s, a regulation in force since 1960 has prohibited sale of fruit on which any TDX
residue can be detected. That regulation is about to be replaced by one that allows sale of
fruit on which trace amounts of TDX residue are detected. In fact, however, the change
will not allow more TDX on fruit than was allowed in the 1960s, because ______.
A. pre-1970 techniques for detecting TDX residue could detect it only when it was
present on fruit in more than the trace amounts allowed by the new regulations
B. many more people today than in the 1960s habitually purchase and eat fruit
without making an effort to clean residues off the fruit
C. people today do not individually consume any more pieces of fruit, on average,
than did the people in the 1960s
D. at least a small fraction of the fruit sold each year since the early 1960s has had
on it greater levels of TDX than the regulation allows
E. the presence of TDX on fruit in greater than trace amounts has not been shown to
cause any harm even to children who eat large amounts of fruit
1. E
2. Not sure if the problem is stated cearly. plz check.
3. B
My explanations in red. waiting for OAs.
1. The president of a consulting firm analyzed the decisions made about marketing by her clients and concluded that the decisions were correct only about half of the time.
The conclusion above depends on the presupposition that
(A) companies can be successful even when about half of the decisions they make about marketing prove to be wrong
(B) companies hiring her consulting firm make no more incorrect marketing decisions than do companies in general
(C) executives consistently making correct marketing decisions rarely enlist the aid of a consulting firm
(D) marketing decision are just as likely to be correct as they are to be incorrect
(E) it is possible to classify a marketing decision properly as being either right or wrong
A,B,C and D look irrlevant. E is left. Now reverse E and check the conclusion. You will find that conclusion falls apart.
2. A violin constructed to have improved sound would sound different from the best-sounding existing violins.
To professional violinists, a violin that sounds different from the best-sounding existing violins sounds less like a violin and therefore worse than the best-sounding existing violins.
Professional violinists are the only accepted judges of the sound quality of violins.
Would be the best supported by those statements?
(A) Only amateur violinists should be asked to judge the sound quality of newly constructed violins.
(B) Professional violinists supervise the construction of violins.
(C) The best-sounding existing violins have been in existence fro several centuries.
(D) It is currently impossible to construct a violin that the only accepted judges will evaluate as having improved sound.
(E) It is possible to construct a violin that sounds better than the best-sounding existing violins to everyone but professional violinists.
3.When people predict that certain result will not take place unless a certain action is taken, they believe that they have learned that the prediction is correct when the action is taken and the result occurs. On reflection, however, it often becomes clear that the result admits of more than one interpretation.
Which of the following, if true, best supports the claims above?
(A) Judging the success of an action requires specifying the goal of the action.
(B) Judging which action to take after a prediction is made requires knowing about other actions that have been successful in similar past situations.
(C) Learning whether a certain predictive strategy is good requires knowing the result using that strategy through several trials.
(D) Distinguishing a correct prediction and effective action from an incorrect prediction and ineffective action is often impossible.
(E) Making a successful prediction requires knowing the facts about the context of that prediction.
This is a fundamental reasoning of cause and effect. In general:
If X leads to Y, it doesnt mean that No X will always lead to No Y.
Besides presence of Y doesnt mean X was ceretainly present. There many be factors other than X leading to Y.
B clearly mentions that.
Puys.. des r from 1000CR.. need sm expln..
My take for the below CR set is
1. E
2. C
3. C
1. The president of a consulting firm analyzed the decisions made about marketing by her clients and concluded that the decisions were correct only about half of the time.
My take for the below CR set is
1. E
2. C
3. C
OAs r
1) E
2) D
3) D
Reference: 1000CR... plz sombody expln..
