CR Ques:
OAs: AEBCB
Question 1:Dobson: Some historians claim that the people who built a ring of stones thousands of years ago in Britain were knowledgeable about celestial events. The grounds for this claim are that two of the stones determine a line pointing directly to the position of the sun at sunrise at the spring equinox. However, there are many stones in the ring so the chance that one pair will point in a celestially significant direction is high. Therefore, the people who built the ring were not knowledgeable about celestial events.
Which one of the following is an error of reasoning in Dobson's argument?
A. The failure of cited evidence to establish a statement is taken as evidence that that statement is false.
B. Dobson's conclusion logically contradicts some of the evidence presented in support of it.
C. Statements that absolutely establish Dobson's conclusion are treated as if they merely give some support to that conclusion.
D. Something that is merely a matter of opinion is treated as if it were subject to verification as a fact.
E. Dobson is not a scientist.
A is best cause it tells unambiguously what Dobson assumed.
Rest chocies are not correct.
Question 2:After a week, the body of anyone infected by virus X will produce antibodies to fight the virus. The antibodies will increase in number for the next year or so. There is now a test that reliably indicates how many antibodies are present in a person's body. If positive, this test can be used during the first year of infection to estimate within a month of accuracy when that person became infected by the virus.
Which one of the following conclusions is best supported by the statements above?
A. Antibodies increase in number only until they have defeated the virus.
B. Without the test for antibodies, there is no way of establishing whether a person has virus X.
C. Antibodies are produced only for viral infections that cannot be fought by any other body defenses.
D. If a person remains infected by virus X indefinitely, there is no limit to the number of antibodies that can be present in the person's body.
E. Anyone infected by virus X will fail for a period of time to exhibit infection if tested by the antibody test.
We are concerned about strengthing the statement that the test is able to tell when did the patient got infected by the Virus X
Choice A dosen't tell anything about the test. We are not concerned about increase in no of antibodies and how they get defeated.
Choice B is irrelevant. We are not concernced about is the test able to detect that a person had virus X. the argument nowhere says, that we are testing to check this.
Choice C is irrelevant. Choice C doesn't say anything about the test and talks about the antibodies are produced for what! we arn't concernced about that!
Chocie D too talks rubbish! and says nothing about the test.
Choice E is the best. and strengths that the test is able to detect when a person got infected by Virus X. cause if you are able to detect this then only will you to take action to stop it and treat the patient. and when you do that over a period of time, the infection caused by the virus will fail. this is what Choice E states.
Question 4:There has been a sharp increase in the subscription prices of many professional and scholarly journals in the past seven years. Many publishers ascribe these increases to the availability of photocopying facilities, which facilitates copying articles in lieu of buying an entire journal.
Which of the following, if true, would best strengthen this explanation?
A. The great majority of professional and scholarly journals have a massive backlog of papers awaiting publication.
B. Over the last three years, there has been a substantial decline in the number of individual subscriptions to professional and scholarly journals, while library subscriptions have remained fairly stable.
C. In the five years immediately preceding the price surge, there was a substantial decline in the number of individual subscriptions to professional and scholarly journals, while library subscriptions remained fairly stable.
D. Many libraries have recently begun cutting back on subscriptions to professional and scholarly journals.
E. In almost every field, several new professional and scholarly journals have begun publication in the past few years.
Choice A and E are irrelevant. We are not looking for how much backlog of papers does the professional and scholarly journals have. or even for in how many fields, how many professionals have started the publications.
Choice B is almost right in telling that the subcriptions of professional journals decreased and library had fairly stable. But it does not tell that is this was after or before the increase in the subcriptions of the Professional and scholarly journals.
Choice D is opposite of what we are looking. it says that people are again subscribing to professional journals. But it's still incomplete, cause doesn't tell before or after the price rise.
Choice C is best in strengthing that after the increase in subscriptions of professional jornals, people have started issuing/copying the journals from lib and the professional subrciptions have decreased.
Question 5:Over the last 10 years the retail hardware business has seen massive consolidation with many smaller hardware retailers going out of business. These changes have been attributed to the new ' category killer ' stores that have the volume and buying leverage to offer very low prices while maintaining healthy profit margins. This analysis is incorrect, however, because since even today the so-called superstores only have a small share of the total retail hardware market.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument that the analysis is flawed?
A. Most of the larger customers for hardware purchases buy directly from manufacturers and thus do not participate in the retail market.
B. The superstores' heavy advertising of their low prices has forced prices down throughout the retail market for hardware supplies.
C. Many of the ' category killer ' stores have themselves gone out of business.
D. Most of the hardware superstores sell a diversified base of goods, not just hardware.
E. The internet has created new openings for dozens of small internet-based hardware retailers.
Choice C, D are absolutely irrelevant. We aren't looking 'category killers' are out of the business and where did the h/w stores diversified in.
Choice A too is rubbish, we are not looking for from does the large customers buy.
Now, choice E kinda strengths the statement. tells why the superstores have a small share of the retail H/w marekt.
Choice B is best that helps in weakening. It says: The superstores' heavy advertising of their low prices has forced prices down throughout the retail market for hardware supplies. which tells that the superstores do not have small share of the retail H/w market.
Hope the reasoning is clears.
Wish i could reason this well while giving the test:-(
in 75 seconds i'm supposed to choose the right option and it takes me atleast 60 seconds to read the damm ques!
Regards,
Neha
