GMAT Sentence Correction Discussions

A historian attempting to predict in the 1870's which nation would take over world leadership from the British probably would have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and been quite wrong.

(A) have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and been
(B) have guessed that it would have been Bismarck's Prussia and he would be
(C) have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and would be
(D) guess Bismarck's Prussia and be
(E) guess that it would be Bismarck's Prussia and would have been

I would go for A! What is OA?
A historian attempting to predict in the 1870's which nation would take over world leadership from the British probably would have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and been quite wrong.

(A) have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and been
(B) have guessed that it would have been Bismarck's Prussia and he would be
(C) have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and would be
(D) guess Bismarck's Prussia and be
(E) guess that it would be Bismarck's Prussia and would have been


IMO: A

B - awkward, wordy
C - Close contender, but 'would be' indicates continual action and thats wrong. Once the guess is over, its past.
D and E - Need to have 'have guessed' for the verb tense to make sense. Also, in D, 'be' is wrong.
And E violates parallelism. would guess and would have been wrong will not be parallel.

Q.1.
I guess C

In A,B: 'which is 14' tries to modify '1992' which is wrong.
E- seems wrong, 'an amount' - then it should have been 'previous year's amount' etc. - also a long sentence
C- seems fine
D- 'than the previous year was' is wrong- seems that year is being compared to amount !!


Q.2.
This is based on parallelism and 'A' is correct.

Q.3.
i will go with 'B'
it says they lose money when something and something happens.
-> when rates rise AND they are unable to raise mortgage rates !

What are the answers?


Could you please explain your answers?

Q1:

Sales of United States manufactured goods to nonindustrialized countries rose to $167 billion in 1992, which is 14 percent more than the previous year and largely offsets weak demand from Europe and Japan.

(A) which is 14 percent more than the previous year
(B) which is 14 percent higher than it was the previous year
(C) 14 percent higher than the previous years figure
(D) an amount that is 14 percent more than the previous year was
(E) an amount that is 14 percent higher than the previous years figure

Q2:

All-terrain vehicles have allowed vacationers to reach many previously inaccessible areas, but they have also been blamed for causing hundreds of deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging the nations recreational areas.

(A) deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging
(B) deaths and injuring thousands, and serious damage to
(C) deaths, thousands who are injured, as well as seriously damaging
(D) deaths and thousands of injuries, as well as doing serious damage to
(E) deaths, thousands are injured, and they do serious damage to

Q3:

Since savings banks have to use short-term deposits to finance long-term fixed-rate mortgage loans, they sometimes lose money when there is a rise in short-term rates and, on the other hand, they are unable to raise the rates on their mortgages.

(A) when there is a rise in short-term rates and, on the other hand, they are unable to raise
(B) when short-term rates rise and they are unable to raise
(C) when a rise in short-term rates occurs and, correspondingly, there is no rise possible in
(D) with a rise in short-term rates, and they are unable to raise
(E) with short-term rates on the rise and no rise possible in
Could you please explain your answers?

Q1:

Sales of United States manufactured goods to nonindustrialized countries rose to $167 billion in 1992, which is 14 percent more than the previous year and largely offsets weak demand from Europe and Japan.

(A) which is 14 percent more than the previous year
(B) which is 14 percent higher than it was the previous year
(C) 14 percent higher than the previous years figure
(D) an amount that is 14 percent more than the previous year was
(E) an amount that is 14 percent higher than the previous years figure

Q2:

All-terrain vehicles have allowed vacationers to reach many previously inaccessible areas, but they have also been blamed for causing hundreds of deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging the nations recreational areas.

(A) deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging
(B) deaths and injuring thousands, and serious damage to
(C) deaths, thousands who are injured, as well as seriously damaging
(D) deaths and thousands of injuries, as well as doing serious damage to
(E) deaths, thousands are injured, and they do serious damage to

Q3:

Since savings banks have to use short-term deposits to finance long-term fixed-rate mortgage loans, they sometimes lose money when there is a rise in short-term rates and, on the other hand, they are unable to raise the rates on their mortgages.

(A) when there is a rise in short-term rates and, on the other hand, they are unable to raise
(B) when short-term rates rise and they are unable to raise
(C) when a rise in short-term rates occurs and, correspondingly, there is no rise possible in
(D) with a rise in short-term rates, and they are unable to raise
(E) with short-term rates on the rise and no rise possible in


IMO: E, D, B

OAs Please.
A historian attempting to predict in the 1870's which nation would take over world leadership from the British probably would have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and been quite wrong.

(A) have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and been
(B) have guessed that it would have been Bismarck's Prussia and he would be
wordy!!
(C) have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and would be
(D) guess Bismarck's Prussia and be
(E) guess that it would be Bismarck's Prussia and would have been


Good one!!

The first part has to be in perfect tense, so have is required, that eliminates D & E
Lil Confused bet A & C

I'll put my money on A

Wats the OA?
Could you please explain your answers?

Q1:

Sales of United States manufactured goods to nonindustrialized countries rose to $167 billion in 1992, which is 14 percent more than the previous year and largely offsets weak demand from Europe and Japan.

(A) which is 14 percent more than the previous year
(B) which is 14 percent higher than it was the previous year
(C) 14 percent higher than the previous year's figure
(D) an amount that is 14 percent more than the previous year was
(E) an amount that is 14 percent higher than the previous year's figure

Q2:

All-terrain vehicles have allowed vacationers to reach many previously inaccessible areas, but they have also been blamed for causing hundreds of deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging the nation's recreational areas.

(A) deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging
(B) deaths and injuring thousands, and serious damage to
(C) deaths, thousands who are injured, as well as seriously damaging
(D) deaths and thousands of injuries, as well as doing serious damage to
(E) deaths, thousands are injured, and they do serious damage to

Q3:

Since savings banks have to use short-term deposits to finance long-term fixed-rate mortgage loans, they sometimes lose money when there is a rise in short-term rates and, on the other hand, they are unable to raise the rates on their mortgages.

(A) when there is a rise in short-term rates and, on the other hand, they are unable to raise
(B) when short-term rates rise and they are unable to raise
(C) when a rise in short-term rates occurs and, correspondingly, there is no rise possible in
(D) with a rise in short-term rates, and they are unable to raise
(E) with short-term rates on the rise and no rise possible in


IMO -> E, D B

OAs?
IMO: E, D, B

OAs Please.

Vikram2010 & ndhadha!

OA s are same as your answers! But could you explain the 3rd one? In answer B, (when short-term rates rise and they are unable to raise) I feel they could refer to short-term rates. So I went with C. What do you think?
Vikram2010 & ndhadha!

OA s are same as your answers! But could you explain the 3rd one? In answer B, (when short-term rates rise and they are unable to raise) I feel they could refer to short-term rates. So I went with C. What do you think?


Umm... well i eliminated C coz it seemed wordy to me...
reg what "they" refers to, I really don have an explanation!! sowie!

Please help me out in this with exlanations :)

In one of the most stunning reversals in the history of marketingďźŒthe Coca-Cola company in July 1985 yielded to thousands of irate consumers demanding that it should bring back the original Coke formula.
(A) demanding that it should
(B) demanding it to
(C) and their demand to
(D) who demanded that it
(E) who demanded it to

Vikram2010 & ndhadha!

OA s are same as your answers! But could you explain the 3rd one? In answer B, (when short-term rates rise and they are unable to raise) I feel they could refer to short-term rates. So I went with C. What do you think?


Padmalathas,

If there was only one 'they' and if it was closer to 'rates' then yes, 'they' would be ambiguous. But, Savings banks already has a 'they' in the non underlined portion, so the second they would follow its suite as well.

That is why I went with B.
Could you please explain your answers?

Q1:

Sales of United States manufactured goods to nonindustrialized countries rose to $167 billion in 1992, which is 14 percent more than the previous year and largely offsets weak demand from Europe and Japan.

(A) which is 14 percent more than the previous year
(B) which is 14 percent higher than it was the previous year
(C) 14 percent higher than the previous years figure
(D) an amount that is 14 percent more than the previous year was
(E) an amount that is 14 percent higher than the previous years figure

Q2:

All-terrain vehicles have allowed vacationers to reach many previously inaccessible areas, but they have also been blamed for causing hundreds of deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging the nations recreational areas.

(A) deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging
(B) deaths and injuring thousands, and serious damage to
(C) deaths, thousands who are injured, as well as seriously damaging
(D) deaths and thousands of injuries, as well as doing serious damage to
(E) deaths, thousands are injured, and they do serious damage to

Q3:

Since savings banks have to use short-term deposits to finance long-term fixed-rate mortgage loans, they sometimes lose money when there is a rise in short-term rates and, on the other hand, they are unable to raise the rates on their mortgages.

(A) when there is a rise in short-term rates and, on the other hand, they are unable to raise
(B) when short-term rates rise and they are unable to raise
(C) when a rise in short-term rates occurs and, correspondingly, there is no rise possible in
(D) with a rise in short-term rates, and they are unable to raise
(E) with short-term rates on the rise and no rise possible in



here are the explanations..

1. the phrase 14 percent more than the previous year is essential hence 'which' is eliminated. the correct modifier of 167 billion is an amount..(ideally it should be a number since amount is used for non-countables).. again amount should compare to previous year's figure and not the previous year.

2. Parallelism fulfilled only in D: hundreds of deaths and thousands of injuries

3. A & C are wordy D the comma is unnecessary.. also sometimes when is better than sometimes with.
Please help me out in this with exlanations :)

In one of the most stunning reversals in the history of marketingďźŒthe Coca-Cola company in July 1985 yielded to thousands of irate consumers demanding that it should bring back the original Coke formula.
(A) demanding that it should
(B) demanding it to
(C) and their demand to
(D) who demanded that it
(E) who demanded it to


This one I saw before. :)
A, B- demanding..is wrong. needs to be parallel with yielded (tense)
C - yielded and their demand to - awkward
E - demanded that is right idiom.

and why cannot the answer be A....any explantions please.....

IMO -> E, D B

OAs?

Umm... well i eliminated C coz it seemed wordy to me...
reg what "they" refers to, I really don have an explanation!! sowie!
D is best coz demand is the subjunctive so it will take the verb in the base form without the to infinitive or the gerund.


Please help me out in this with exlanations :)

In one of the most stunning reversals in the history of marketingďźŒthe Coca-Cola company in July 1985 yielded to thousands of irate consumers demanding that it should bring back the original Coke formula.
(A) demanding that it should
(B) demanding it to
(C) and their demand to
(D) who demanded that it
(E) who demanded it to

My bet on D.
Its a verb -tense case. clearly demanding is ruled out since its been already done.
Who is needed coz irate consumers need some extra info about them and that is provided by who
Now bet D & E, demanded that is correct idiom.

OA is D you all are correct on this ....... u guys rocks !!

Can you please throw some flourescent light on what to and when to use subjunctive.....

pavi137 Says
D is best coz demand is the subjunctive so it will take the verb in the base form without the to infinitive or the gerund.
Please help me out in this with exlanations :)

In one of the most stunning reversals in the history of marketingďźŒthe Coca-Cola company in July 1985 yielded to thousands of irate consumers demanding that it should bring back the original Coke formula.
(A) demanding that it should
"that it should" doesnt seem right
(B) demanding it to
(C) and their demand to
'and' is inappropriate here, as we are talking about consumers who are irritated
(D) who demanded that it
'that' is not required
(E) who demanded it to


I'm really confused bet E&B....;
I'd go with B...

most of u got it rght... OA is indeed A

@onlinearora: both actions are in the past and hence the verb 'be' that indicates the present tense is inappropriate rightly pointed out by Vikram..


A historian attempting to predict in the 1870's which nation would take over world leadership from the British probably would have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and been quite wrong.

(A) have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and been
(B) have guessed that it would have been Bismarck's Prussia and he would be
(C) have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and would be
(D) guess Bismarck's Prussia and be
(E) guess that it would be Bismarck's Prussia and would have been

IMO: A

B - awkward, wordy
C - Close contender, but 'would be' indicates continual action and thats wrong. Once the guess is over, its past.
D and E - Need to have 'have guessed' for the verb tense to make sense. Also, in D, 'be' is wrong.
And E violates parallelism. would guess and would have been wrong will not be parallel.

Is it C?
A- 'and been quite' seems wrong
B- too long and makes simple sentence complex
C- seems correct
D- 'guess' is wrong
E- 'guess' is wrong

Padmalathas Says
I would go for A! What is OA?

Good one!!

The first part has to be in perfect tense, so have is required, that eliminates D & E
Lil Confused bet A & C

I'll put my money on A

Wats the OA?
Its been discussed in quite a number of posts.. even i got my knowledge of the subjunctive from PG.. but here goes the KT from my side..

lets start with an example..
would you say "I wish I were more perceptive" or "I wish I was more perceptive." here comes into play the subjunctive mood.
The mood of the verb "to be" when you use the phrase "I were" is called the subjunctive mood, and you use it for times when you're talking about something that isn't true or you're being wishful. or rather Wishful sentences call for the subjunctive mood of the verb "to be," so the right choice is "I were": I wish I were more perceptive.

Although it's not always the case, sentences that start with "if" are often also wishful or contrary to fact. Here are some examples:
If I were in charge, I would declare every Friday a holiday.
If he were nicer, I wouldn't hate him so much.
If the ladder were taller, we could reach the cat.

a second usage of the subjunctive is as follows.
.



A subjunctive verb is used to express -
wishes and demands, the construction of which follows two strict rules
(a) that always comes right after the verb, and
(b) the second verb is always in the infinitive form and should is always omitted.
1). The following verbs are used --- with such a construction to express importance (in such moods only).
Also remember that such verbs have other forms of usage (followed by to infinitive, for example) when used in other moods.
ask
propose
demand
recommend
desire
request
insist
require
prefer
suggest .
urge
e.g
The Indian government demanded thatthe UK paycompensations for damages of the Indian embassy.
2. Nouns derived from subjunctive verbs above are also used with the construction.
demand
recommendation
insistence
request
preference
request
proposal
suggestion
e.g
The UK is considering the proposal that it pay compensations for damages of the Indian embassy.
3. The adjectives below are also used to express subjunctive moods -
essential
imperative
important
necessary

There are loads of other words that you can find online.. just google them and keep learning..

HTH





OA is D you all are correct on this ....... u guys rocks !!

Can you please throw some flourescent light on what to and when to use subjunctive.....
A historian attempting to predict in the 1870's which nation would take over world leadership from the British probably would have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and been quite wrong.

(A) have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and been
(B) have guessed that it would have been Bismarck's Prussia and he would be
(C) have guessed Bismarck's Prussia and would be
(D) guess Bismarck's Prussia and be
(E) guess that it would be Bismarck's Prussia and would have been

IMO - A
D,E -- need a perfect tense "have"
B --- awkward and wordy
C -- 2nd "would" is unidiomatic